Table of Contents

1. Introduction............................................................................................................................1

2. AN INTRODUCTION TO AGILE......................................................................................................7

2.1 Definable Work vs. High-Uncertainty Work......................................................................7

2.2 The Agile Manifesto and Mindset.....................................................................................8

2.3 Lean and the Kanban Method.........................................................................................12

2.4 Uncertainty, Risk, and Life Cycle Selection....................................................................13

3. LIFE CYCLE SELECTION.............................................................................................................17

3.1 Characteristics of Project Life Cycles.............................................................................18

3.1.1 Characteristics of Predictive Life Cycles...........................................................20

3.1.2 Characteristics of Iterative Life Cycles..............................................................21

3.1.3 Characteristics of Incremental Life Cycles........................................................22

3.1.4 Characteristics of Agile Life Cycles....................................................................24

3.1.5 Agile Suitability Filters........................................................................................25

3.1.6 Characteristics of Hybrid Life Cycles.................................................................26

3.1.7 Combined Agile and Predictive Approaches......................................................27

3.1.8 Predominantly Predictive Approach with Some Agile Components.................28

3.1.9 A Largely Agile Approach with a Predictive Component...................................28

3.1.10 Hybrid Life Cycles as Fit-For-Purpose..............................................................29

3.1.11 Hybrid Life Cycles as Transition Strategy........................................................30

3.2 Mixing Agile Approaches................................................................................................31

3.3 Project Factors That Influence Tailoring........................................................................32

4. IMPLEMENTING AGILE: CREATING AN AGILE ENVIRONMENT.................................................33

4.1 Start with an Agile Mindset............................................................................................33

4.2 Servant Leadership Empowers the Team.......................................................................33

4.2.1 Servant Leader Responsibilities.........................................................................34

4.2.2 Role of the Project Manager in an Agile Environment.......................................37

4.2.3 Project Managers Use Servant Leadership........................................................38

4.3 Team Composition...........................................................................................................38

4.3.1 Agile Teams.........................................................................................................39

4.3.2 Agile Roles...........................................................................................................40

4.3.3 Generalizing Specialists......................................................................................42

4.3.4 Team Structures..................................................................................................43

4.3.5 Dedicated Team Members..................................................................................44

4.3.6 Team Workspaces...............................................................................................46

4.3.7 Overcoming Organizational Silos.......................................................................47

5. IMPLEMENTING AGILE: DELIVERING IN AN AGILE ENVIRONMENT.........................................49

5.1 Charter the Project and the Team...................................................................................49

5.2 Common Agile Practices.................................................................................................50

5.2.1 Retrospectives.....................................................................................................50

5.2.2 Backlog Preparation...........................................................................................52

5.2.3 Backlog Refinement............................................................................................52

5.2.4 Daily Standups....................................................................................................53

5.2.5 Demonstrations/Reviews....................................................................................55

5.2.6 Planning for Iteration-Based Agile.....................................................................55

5.2.7 Execution Practices that Help Teams Deliver Value..........................................56

5.2.8 How Iterations and Increments Help Deliver Working Product.........................57

5.3 Troubleshooting Agile Project Challenges.....................................................................57

5.4 Measurements in Agile Projects.....................................................................................60

5.4.1 Agile Teams Measure Results............................................................................61

6. ORGANIZATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR PROJECT AGILITY...............................................71

6.1 Organizational Change Management.............................................................................71

6.1.1 Drivers for Change Management........................................................................73

6.1.2 Readiness for Change.........................................................................................73

6.2 Organizational Culture.....................................................................................................75

6.2.1 Creating an Environment of Safety.....................................................................75

6.2.2 Assessing Culture...............................................................................................75

6.3 Procurement and Contracts............................................................................................77

6.4 Business Practices..........................................................................................................79

6.5 Multiteam Coordination and Dependencies (Scaling)...................................................80

6.5.1 Frameworks........................................................................................................80

6.5.2 Considerations....................................................................................................80

6.6 Agile and the Project Management Office (PMO)...........................................................81

6.6.1 An Agile PMO is Value-Driven.............................................................................81

6.6.2 An Agile PMO is Invitation-Oriented...................................................................81

6.6.3 An Agile PMO is Multidisciplinary......................................................................82

6.7 Organizational Structure.................................................................................................83

6.8 Evolving the Organization...............................................................................................84

7. A CALL TO ACTION....................................................................................................................87

ANNEX A1

PMBOK? GUIDE MAPPING.............................................................................................................89

ANNEX A2

AGILE MANIFESTO MAPPING........................................................................................................97

ANNEX A3

OVERVIEW OF AGILE AND LEAN FRAMEWORKS...........................................................................99

APPENDIX X1

CONTRIBUTORS AND REVIEWERS..............................................................................................115

APPENDIX X2

ATTRIBUTES THAT INFLUENCE TAILORING................................................................................119

APPENDIX X3

AGILE SUITABILITY FILTER TOOLS..............................................................................................125

REFERENCES...............................................................................................................................139

BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................................................................................141

GLOSSARY...................................................................................................................................149

Index..........................................................................................................................................157

? ? 本書是 項目管理協會新發布的敏捷實踐標準，它是理解、評估和使用敏捷和混合的敏捷方法的資源。該實踐指南為何時、何地以及如何應用敏捷方法提供指導，並為希望增強敏捷性的實踐者和組織提供實用工具。本指南是與PMI其他標準一致，包括項目管理知識體繫指南（PMBOK指南第六版），是PMI與敏捷聯盟合作開發的成果，是PMI推出的敏捷認證教材之一。

? ? Project Management Institute（項目管理協會）是項目管理領域的非營利機構，致力於項目管理體繫、方法的研究、應用與推廣，其制定的“項目管理知識體繫指南”已成為公認的項目管理標準。
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