內容介紹 | |
![](https://bnmppic.bookuu.com/goods/12/19/22/97875632254772123741-fm.jpg)
-
出版社:大連海事大學
-
ISBN:9787563225477
-
作者:劉大剛//冷梅
-
頁數:137
-
出版日期:2011-03-01
-
印刷日期:2011-03-01
-
包裝:平裝
-
開本:16開
-
版次:1
-
印次:1
-
字數:180千字
-
劉大剛、冷梅主編的《航海氣像學與海洋學(英文版)》共分五章。第一章氣像學的基礎知識。第二章天氣繫統。第三章氣候學的基礎知識。第四章海洋學的基礎知識。第五章氣像信息的獲取和應用。該書可供各大專院校作為教材使用,也可供從事相關工作的人員作為參考用書使用。
-
This book is applicable to the deck mates aiming at observing
and recording weather conditions andin interpreting prevailing
conditions to predict future weather patterns and also to
professionally studyweather forecasts. This book is organized into
five sections. Starting with the basic knowledge of the mete-
orological dements, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, cloud,
visibility and weather phenomena arebriefed. An emphasis on Buys -
Ballot Law explains the formation of the wind and the relationship
be-tween the wind and air pressure field. Then weather systems
often encountered at sea, such as fronts, cy-clones and
anticyclones, are covered. Tropical cyclones produce the most
severe weather so we have muchdiscussion on the topic. The
following section is the summary of the ocean climatology. The
fourth sectionis the introduction of ocean current, waves, and sea
ice. The last section of the book recites the weatherinformation
and services available at sea. Fax charts are by far the most
valuable forecasting tool at ourdisposal. We cannot emphasize too
strongly the importance of understanding these charts, and having
areliable means to receive them.
This book is to be used as a textbook for the course of
Meteorology and Oceanography for Mariners inDalian Maritime
University. This book may also be used by mariners as general
reference.
-
CHAPTER 1 BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF THE ATMOSPHERE AND METEOROLOGICAL ELEMENTS 1.1 The Atmosphere 1.1.1 Introduction 1.1.2 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere 1.1.3 Composition of the Atmosphere 1.2 Solar Radiation and Air Temperature 1.2.1 Solar Radiation 1.2.2 Air Temperature and Temperature Scales 1.2.3 Diurnal and Annual Variations of Air Temperature 1.3 Atmospheric Pressure 1.3.1 Air Pressure and Its Units 1.3.2 Variation of Pressure with Height 1.3.3 Diurnal and Annual Variations of Air Pressure 1.3.4 Isobars 1.3.5 Pressure Gradient 1.3.6 Common Types of Pressure Fields 1.4 Stability of the Atmosphere 1.4.1 Concept of Stability 1.4.2 Adiabatic Lapse Rate 1.4.3 Equilibrium of Stability 1.4.4 Stability and Weather 1.5 Air Humidity 1. 5.1 Characteristics of Vapor in the Atmosphere 1.5.2 Description of Air Humidity 1.5.3 Variations of Absolute Humidity 1.5.4 Variations of Relative Humidity 1.6 Wind 1.6.1 Definition and Description of Wind 1.6.2 The Beaufort Scale of Wind Force 1.6.3 Geostrophic Wind and Gradient Wind 1.6.4 Buys Ballot' s Law 1.6.5 The Effect of Friction 1.7 Clouds and Precipitation 1.7.1 The Formation of Clouds 1.7.2 The International Classification of Clouds 1.7.3 Cloud Cover 1.7.4 Types of Precipitation 1.7.5 Intensity of Precipitation 1.8 Visibility and Fog 1.8.1 Definition and Classification of Visibility 1.8.2 Definition and Classification of Fog 1.8.3 Main Types of Fog 1.9 Shipborne Observation and Shipborne Meteorological Instruments 1.9.1 Shipborne Observations 1.9.2 Code Used for the Transmission of Ships Weather Messages 1.9.3 Non-Routine Reports 1.9.4 Visibility Measurement 1.9.5 Wind Measurement 1.9.6 Temperature Measurement 1.9.7 Air Pressure Measurement 1.9.8 Weather Phenomena 1.9.9 Cloud Types and Amounts 1.9.10 Observing Ocean Waves CHAPTER 2 WEATHER SYSTEMS 2.1 Weather Charts 2.1.1 Outline of Weather Charts 2.1.2 Weather Chart Projections 2.1.3 Surface Charts 2.2 Air Masses and Fronts 2.2.1 Air Mass 2.2.2 Front Classification 2.2.3 Frontal Elements 2.2.4 Weather and Fronts 2.3 Extra-tropical Anticyclone 2.3.1 Outline of Anticyclone 2.3.2 Siberian High 2.3.3 Weather Associated with the Extra-tropical Anticyclone 2.3.4 Movement of Extra-tropical Anticyclone 2.3.5 Cold Air Grades 2.4 Subtropical High 2.4.1 Formation and Distribution 2.4.2 Monitoring of the Northwest Pacific Subtropical High 2.4.3 Migration of Subtropical High 2.4.4 Subtropical High Weather 2.5 Extratropical Cyclone 2.5.1 Outline Extratropical Cyclone 2.5.2 Cyclogenesis 2.5.3 Weather Associated with Extratropical Cyclones 2.5.4 Cyclone Tracking 2.6 Tropical Cyclones 2.6.1 Outline of Tropical Cyclone 2.6.2 Locations and Seasons 2.6.3 Classifications, Terminology and Naming 2.6.4 Chinese Warning System 2.6.5 Conditions Necessary for the Formation of TCs 2.6.6 Structure and Size 2.6.7 Dissipation of Tropical Cyclones 2.6.8 Movement and Track 2.6.9 Observation and Forecasting 2.6.10 Avoiding Tropical Cyclones CHAPTER 3 BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF CLIMATOLOGY 3.1 Wind and Pressure Systems 3.1.1 Three-cell Circulation Model 3.1.2 Major Wind Patterns 3.1.3 Observed Wind and Pressure Fields 3.1.4 Monsoon 3.1.5 Sea and Land Breezes 3.2 Areas and Seasons of Strong Winds at Sea 3.3 Distribution of Sea Fog 3.3.1 General Distribution of Sea Fog 3.3.2 Foggy Locations in the Ocean CHAPTER 4 BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF OCEANOGRAPHY 4.1 Ocean Currents 4.1.1 Outline of Ocean Currents 4.1.2 The Formation of Currents 4.1.3 Main Ocean Currents 4.1.4 E1 Ni no-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) 4.2 Sea Waves 4.2.1 Description of Sea Waves 4.2.2 Formation of Waves 4.2.3 Types of Wind Waves 4.2.4 Effects of Currents on Waves 4.2.5 Effects of Ice on Waves 4.2.6 Tsunamis 4.2.7 Storm Tides 4.3 Sea Ice 4.3.1 Types of Sea Ice 4.3.2 Iceberg Drift 4.3.3 Extent of Ice in the Sea CHAPTER 5 WEATHER INFORMATION AND SERVICES 5.1 Weather Information for Shipping 5.1.1 Introduction of WMO 5.1.2 Receiving Marine Weather Forecast Products Onboard 5.1.3 Radiofax Weather Charts 5.2 Interpretation and Application of Weather Charts 5.2.1 Interpretation and Application of Surface Charts 5.2.2 Interpretation and Application of Wave Charts 5.2.3 TC Warning Reports and TC Forecast Charts 5.2.4 Interpretation and Application of Satellite Imagery 5.2.5 Interpretation and Application of Other Charts 5.3 Introduction to Weather Routing 5.3.1 Outline of Weather Routing 5.3.2 Ship and Cargo Considerations 5.3.3 Environmental Factors 5.3.4 Synoptic Weather Considerations 5.3.5 Types of Recommendations and Advisories 5.3.6 Communications Bibliography
| | |