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出版社:中山大學
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ISBN:9787306046505
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作者:吳紅岩|主編:丁建新
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頁數:229
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出版日期:2013-08-01
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印刷日期:2013-08-01
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包裝:平裝
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開本:16開
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版次:1
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印次:1
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字數:339千字
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由吳紅岩編著的《語言學》為英語專業本科生使用的專業教材,對現代語言學的基本情況做全面的展示。本書與我國流行的一些功能主義的語言學觀點不同,側重介紹喬姆斯基的心理語言學內容。作為語言學的重大分支,這些語言學知識對學生深入了解語言現像具有很好的啟發意義。
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Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Language!Its Nature and Definitions 1.1.1 The Traditional View of Language 1.1.2 The Intemalist View of Human Language 1.1.3 The Designing Features of Human Language 1.1.3.1 Creativity 1.1.3.2 Discrete Infinity.Recursiveness and Merging Operation 1.1.4 The Common Femurs Shared by All Human Languages 1.2 Linguistics 1.2.1 Linguistics as a science 1.2.2 Chomsky’S Five Problems for Language Study 1.2.3 The Study Scope of Linguistic Ontology 1.2.3.1 Competence us Performance 1.2.3.2 The Study Scope ofGeneral Linguistics 1.3 How to Study l inguistics 1.4 Summary EXERCISES Chapter 2 Phonetics 2.1 The Mechanism of Articulation 2.1.1 Speech Organs 2.1.2 The Phonetic Alphabet 2.2 Classification of Speech Sounds 2.2.1 Consonants 2.2.1.1 Places ofArticu/ation 2.2.1.2 Manner ofArticu/ation 2.2.2 The Atticulation of Vowel Sounds 2.3 Phonetic Symbols and Spelling Correspondences 2 4 Summary EXERCISES Chapter 3 Phonology:The Sound Patterns of Language 3 1 Phonetics and Phonology:Narrow and Broad Transcription 3.1.1 Phonetics or Phonology 3.1.2 NalTOW and Broad Tmnseription 3.2 Some PreIiminary Terminologies in Phonological Analysis 3.2.1 Phonemcs.Phones and Allophones 3.2.2 Minimal Paits.Phonemic Contrast and Complementary Distribution 3.3 Distinctive Features of Phonemes 3 4 The Rules of Phonology 3 4.1 Assimilation Rules 3.4.2 Segment Insertion and Deletion Rules 3.4.3 Sequential Rules 3.5 Syllable Structure and Suprasegmental Femurs 3.5.1 Syllable Structure 3.5.2 Stress 3 6 Summary EXERCISES Chapter 4 Morphology 4.1 Morpheme and Morphology 4.1.1 The Classification of Morphemes 4.1.2 Inflectional and Derlvational Affix 4.1.3 Root.Stem and Base. 4.1.4 Allomorphs 4.2 Words 4.2.1 The Definition and Identification of Words 4 2.2 Word.foimation 4.2.2.1 Derivation 4.2.2.2 compounding 4.2.2.3 Borrowing 4.2.2.4 Coinage 4.2.2.5 Conversion 4 2.2.6 Back-formation 4.2.2.7 Blends 4 2 2.8 Redaced Words 4.3 Lexicon 4.4 Summary EXERCISES Chapter 5 Syntax 5.1 The Study Scope of Syntax 5.2 Basic Terminology 5.2.1 Categories and Functions 5 2.1.1 Grammatical(or Syntactic)Categories 5.2.1.2 Grammatical(or Syntactic)Functions 5.2.2 Finiteness VS.Non.finiteness 5.3 Sentence Structure 5.3.1 Phrase Structure Rules and Trees 5 3.2 X.bar Theory 5.3.3 Merger 5.4 Movement 5.4.1}Iead movement 5.4 2 Wh—movement 5.5 Structural Ambiguity 5.6 Summary EXERClSES Chapter 6 Semantics 6.1 LexicaI SemanticsWord Meanings 6.1.1 Reference and Sense 6.1.2 Sense Relations 6.1.2.1 Synonymy and Synonyms 6.1.2.2 Antonymy and Antonyms 6.1.2.3 Hyponymy:Superordinate orHyponyms 6.1.2.4 Meronymy and Meronyms 6.1.2.5 ttomonymy and Homonvms 6.1.2.6 Polysemy 6.1.3 Semantic Features or Componential Analysis 6.2 Sentence Meaning 6.2.1 Sentence RelationsTruth.conditional Semantics 6.2.2 Sentence Analysis 6.2.2.1 Componential Anaflysis for Sentences 6.2.2.2 Predication Analvsis 6.2.2.2.1 Argument Structure 6 2 2.2.2 Thematic Roles 6.3 Summary EXERC:ISES Chapter 7 Pragmatics 7 1 Some Basic Questions in Pragmatic Study 7.1.1 What Is Pragmatics 7.1 2 Whv Do We Call Pragmatics a Wastebasket 7.1.3 Why Should We Study Pragmatics 7.1.4 What’s the Difference Among Syntax,Semantics and Pragmatics 7.1 5 Meaning:Sentence Meaning or Utterance Meaning 7 1.6 Meaning and Context’ 7.2 The Coversational Principles and Implicature 7.2.1 The Cooperative Princiole 7.2 2 Conversational Implicature 7 2.3 Politeness Principle 7 3 Speech Act Theory 7.3.1 One URerance,Three Related Acts 7.3.2 Speech Act Classification 7.3.3 Direct and Indirect Speech Acts 7 4 Summary EXERCISES Chapter 8 Language Acquisition 8.1 First Language Acquisition(FLA) 8.1.1 The Innateness Hypothesis 8.1.2 The Logical Problem of Language Acquisition 8.1.3 Povenv of the Stimulus 8.2 Second Language Acquisition(SLA) 8 2.1 Some Basic Distinctions 8.2.2 The Study Scope in the Field of SLA 8.2.3 Contrastive Analysis and Error Analysis 8 2.3.1 Identification and Classification ofErrors 8.2.3.2 Contrastive Analysis 8 2.3.3 Error Analysis 8.2.4 The Major Hypotheses in SLA 8.2.4.1 Interlanguage Hypothesis 8.2.4 2 The Hypothesis·Testing Hypothesis 8.2.4 3 Natural Order Hypothesis 8.2.4 4 Comprehensiblel~putHypothesis 8 2.4 5 The Frequency Hypothesis 8.2.4 6 The Interaction Hypothesis 8.2.4.7 Swain's Comprehensible OutputHypothesis 8.2.4.8 The Critical Period Hypothesis 8.3 Four Conditions for Language Learning 8.4 Summary EXERCISES Chapter 9 Neurolinguistics 9.1 The Brain Structure and Its Lateralization 9.2 Brain Plasticity in Early Life 9.3 Language Disorder——Aphasia 9.3.1 Broca’S Aphasia 9 3.2 Wernicke’S Aphasia 9 3.3 Specific Language Impairment(SLI) 9 3.4 The Implications of the Study for the Aphasic Patients 9 4 Language Savants 9.5 Language Gene 9.6 Chomsky’S Biolinguistic Perspective 9.6.1 What Is a Biolinguistic Perspective? 9.6.2 The Nature of Language t 9.6.3 The Evolution of Language 9.6.4 Internal Thought.Externalization and Communication 9.7 Summary EXERCISES Suggested Answers Bibliography GIossary and Index
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