了得網工業技術_全球清潔能源開發與投資研究（英文版）

編輯推薦

給出了全球較完整的體繫化清潔能源資源評估方法與結果，提出了基地開發方案，並且展示了量化的技術經濟指標，對於讀者而言兼顧科普性、通識性以及專業性，滿足不同讀者的信息獲取需求。

內容簡介

本報告是《全球清潔能源開發與投資研究》的英文版。
本報告作為繫列成果中的總報告，一方面繫統闡述了全球清潔能源資源評估與基地數字化宏觀選址的技術路線和模型方法；另一方面立足全球視角，基於各大洲清潔能源資源評估和大型基地的深入分析，展示了全球清潔能源開發與投資的研究成果。
報告的第1章和第2章是研究的方法與數據，全面闡述了清潔能源資源評估和大型清潔能源發電基地宏觀選址的方法體繫、基礎數據和數學模型。第3-5章繫統展示了基於數字化方法的全球水能、風能和光伏資源評估與大型基地開發的研究成果。第6章是基地電力消納和外送方案研究，綜合分析了各洲電力供需趨勢，提出了大型基地的送電方向與輸電方式。第7章總結了全球清潔能源開發的投融資政策環境，提出了促進各大洲清潔發展的投融資建議。

作者簡介

全球能源互聯網發展合作組織（簡稱合作組織），是由致力於推動世界能源可持續發展的相關企業、組織、機構和個人等自願組成的國際組織。注冊地設在北京。合作組織的宗旨是推動構建全球能源互聯網，以清潔和綠色方式滿足全球電力需求，推動實現聯合國“人人享有可持續能源”和應對氣候變化目標，服務人類社會可持續發展。合作組織將積極推廣全球能源互聯網理念，組織制定全球能源互聯網發展規劃，建立技術標準體繫，開展聯合技術創新、重大問題研究和國際交流合作，推動工程項目實施，提供咨詢服務，引領全球能源互聯網發展。

Digital Resource Assessment Methods?001
1.1 Technical Route?002
1.1.1 Assessment on Wind Energy Resources?003
1.1.2 Assessment on Wind Energy and Solar Energy Resources?004
1.2 Data and Calculation?008
1.2.1 Basic Data?008
1.2.2 Computing Technology?010
1.3 Assessment Model of Hydroenergy Resources?013
1.3.1 Theoretical Potential?013
1.3.2 Technical Potential Installed Capacity?014
1.3.3 Economic Potential Installed Capacity?015
1.4 Assessment Model of Wind Energy Resources?016
1.4.1 Theoretical Potential?016
1.4.2 Technical Potential Installed Capacity?016Digital Resource Assessment Methods?001
1.1 Technical Route?002
1.1.1 Assessment on Wind Energy Resources?003
1.1.2 Assessment on Wind Energy and Solar Energy Resources?004
1.2 Data and Calculation?008
1.2.1 Basic Data?008
1.2.2 Computing Technology?010
1.3 Assessment Model of Hydroenergy Resources?013
1.3.1 Theoretical Potential?013
1.3.2 Technical Potential Installed Capacity?014
1.3.3 Economic Potential Installed Capacity?015
1.4 Assessment Model of Wind Energy Resources?016
1.4.1 Theoretical Potential?016
1.4.2 Technical Potential Installed Capacity?016
1.4.3 Economic Potential Installed Capacity?021
1.5 Assessment Model of Solar Energy Resources?029
1.5.1 Theoretical Potential?029
1.5.2 Technical Potential Installed Capacity?031
1.5.3
2
Economic Potential Installed Capacity?036
Macro Site Selection Method of Renewable Energy Bases?037
2.1 Technical Route?038
2.1.1 Ideas of Study?039
2.1.2 Data and Algorithm?041
2.2 Quantitative Judgment Model for Selection of Bases?044
2.2.1 Quantitative Model?044
2.2.2 Example Analysis?047
2.3 Digital Site Selection of Hydropower Stations?050
2.3.1 Method Process?050
2.3.2 Extraction of Digital River Networks?051
2.3.3 Selection of Planned Reaches?053
2.3.4 Analysis of Restrictive Factors?054
2.3.5 Proposed Layout of Hydropower Station?054
2.3.6 Calculation of the Main Parameter Index?055
2.3.7 Drawing of Result Figures and Tables?056
2.4 Digital Site Selection of Wind Power Stations?057
2.4.1 Method Process?057
2.4.2 Analysis of Wind Energy Resource Data?057
2.4.3 Analysis of Restrictive Factors?058
2.4.4 Equipment Selection and Automatic Layout Scheme?059
2.4.5 Calculation of the Main Parameter Indicator?063
2.5 Digital Site Selection of Photovoltaic Power Stations?065
2.5.1 Method Process?065
2.5.2 Analysis of Solar Radiation Data?065
2.5.3 Analysis of Restrictive Factors?066
2.5.4 Equipment Selection and Automatic Arrangement?066
2.5.5 Calculation of the Main Parameter Indicator?068
2.6 Investment Estimation Method of Renewable Energy Base?070
2.6.1 Model and Method?071
2.6.2
3
Results and Verification?075
Hydroenergy Resources Assessment and Development?079
3.1 Basic Conditions?080
3.1.1 Distribution of Water Systems?081
3.1.2 Hydrological Data?084
3.1.3 Land Covers?088
3.1.4 Geological Conditions?089
3.2 Resource Assessment?096
3.2.1 Dverview of Hydroenergy Resources?096
3.2.2 Assessment Results?096
3.2.3 Assessment Case of River Basins?102
3.3 Base Development?106
3.3.1 Development Status?106
3.3.2 Layout of Bases?108
3.3.3
4
Case of Site Selection of Bases?113
Wind Energy Resources Assessment and Development?123
4.1 Basic Conditions?124
4.1.1 Distribution of Wind Speeds?125
4.1.2 Land Covers?125
4.1.3 Distribution of Conservation Areas?129
4.1.4 Transportation Facilities?132
4.1.5 Grid Facilities?136
4.2 Resource Assessment?142
4.2.1 Theoretical Potential?142
4.2.2 Technical Potential Installed Capacity?143
4.2.3 Development Cost?148
4.2.4 Assessment Case of Countries?152
4.3 Base Development?155
4.3.1 Development Status?155
4.3.2 Layout of Bases?157
4.3.3
5
Case of Site Selection of Bases?169
Solar Energy Resources Assessment and Development?175
5.1 Basic Conditions?176
5.1.1 Distribution of Global Horizontal Irradiance?177
5.1.2 Land Covers?177
5.1.3 Distribution of Terrains?180
5.2 Resource Assessment?186
5.2.1 Theoretical Potential?186
5.2.2 Technical Potential Installed Capacity?187
5.2.3 Development Cost?192
5.2.4 Assessment Case of Countries?196
5.3 Base Development?199
5.3.1 Development Status?199
5.3.2 Layout of Bases?201
5.3.3
6
Case of Site Selection of Bases?212
Outbound Transmission of Large Renewable Energy Bases?217
6.1 Forecast of Electricity Demand?218
6.2 Deep Electric Energy Substitution?223
6.2.1 Hydrogen Production and Hydrogen Energy Utilization for Clean
Electricity?223
6.2.2 Seawater Desalination and Ecological Restoration?228
6.3 Backbone Grid of Global Energy Interconnection?230
6.3.1 Power Delivery Direction?230
6.3.2 Target Grid?231
6.3.3 Construction Scheme for 2035?235
6.4 Asia?237
6.4.1 Power Delivery Direction?237
6.4.2 Power Transmission Scheme?238
6.5 Europe?239
6.5.1 Power Delivery Direction?239
6.5.2 Power Transmission Scheme?240
6.6 Africa?241
6.6.1 Power Delivery Direction?241
6.6.2 Power Transmission Scheme?242
6.7 North America?243
6.7.1 Power Delivery Direction?243
6.7.2 Power Transmission Scheme?244
6.8 Central and South America?245
6.8.1 Power Delivery Direction?245
6.8.2 Power Transmission Scheme?246
6.9 Oceania?248
6.9.1 Power Delivery Direction?248
6.9.2
7
Power Transmission Scheme?249
Policy Environment and Investment and Financing Suggestions?251
7.1 Overview of Global Investment and Financing Policies?252
7.2 Policy Environment and Investment and Financing Suggestions for Each Continent?257
7.2.1 Asia?257
7.2.2 Europe?260
7.2.3 Africa?262
7.2.4 North America?265
7.2.5 Central and South America?267
7.2.6 Oceania?269
EPILOGUE?271
Appendix Key Algorithms of Geographic Information Operation?273

前言

PREFACEEnergy is an important foundation for economic and social development. Mankind uses energy, historically we have converted energy sources from firewood to fossil such as coal, oil, and natural gas, to renewable energy such as hydro, wind and solar energy, every change is accompanied by a huge leap in productivity and major progress in human civilization. Energy, as the driving force for the development of modern society, contributes to the nation’s economy and its citizens’ interactive dynamic, as well as to their welfare. The massive development and use of traditional fossil energy has led to increasingly prominent problems such as resource shortages, environmental pollution, and climate change, which seriously threaten human survival and sustainable development. In essence, the core of sustainable development is clean development. The key is to promote renewable energy, and replace fossil energy with renewable energy such as solar, wind, and hydropower. Scientific and accurate quantitative assessment of resources is the critical foundation for large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy. At present, the globally installed capacity of hydro, wind and solar power has exceeded 30% of the installed capacity of power sources. Although some achievements have been made in the development of renewable energy, there is still potential for it to expand. Therefore, it is of great importance to conduct a fine assessment on resource reserves. On the basis of establishing and improving the global renewable energy resources database, the Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization (GEIDCO) has established an assessment system and digital fine assessment models for renewable energy resources. These models carry out systematic calculation and quantitative assessment of theoretical potential, technical potential installed capacity and economic potential installed capacity of hydro, wind and solar energies from a global perspective. An achievement of the Global Renewable-energy Exploitation ANalysis (GREAN) platform has been made, thereby the accuracy and timeliness of global renewable energy resources assessment will be effectively improved, subsequently providing an important support for large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy in relevant countries and regions. Systematic and efficient macro site selection of power bases is an important prerequisite for large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy. The site selection of renewable energy power bases is related to the cost-effectiveness of power station development, which crucially contributes to economic development and the efficient utilization of renewable energy. There are many factors affecting the site selection of power bases, hence the site selection analyses and decision-making process are convoluted. The desk top study of site selection is often limited by the integrity and accuracy of data. Site selection must rely on site surveys, which requires a huge amount of manpower, financial resources and time. By taking into account factors such as global topography and terrain elevation, land covers, water systems, natural reserves, geology and historical seismic activity frequency, power supply and power grid, population and economy, GEIDCO has developed a set of basic database, models and tools for macro site selection for renewable energy power bases which significantly increase the breadth and depth of data collection and analysis processes, thereby, greatly improving the accuracy, economy and effectiveness of the desk top study of site selection, and achieving systematic achievements in promoting the development of global renewable energy resources. The data collected and analyzed by such models and tools are referred as “Reference Book” and “Data Manual” and used during the world’s energy strategy research and policy formulation. Focusing on the world’s resource assessment and base development of all continents, GEIDCO has prepared a series of scientific reports on renewable energy development and investment globally, specifically in continents such as Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, Central and South America and Oceania. As the general report of achievements, the report, on one hand, systematically expounds the technical route and model method for global renewable energy resource assessment and digital macro site selection, and on the other hand, outlines the research achievements in a global perspective of renewable energy development and investment. In addition, it showcases the research data of renewable energy resource assessment and the detail analysis of investment results. In this report, Chapters 1 and 2 present the research methods and data, which provide a comprehensive description of the methodology, key data and mathematical model used in preparing the renewable energy resource assessment and macro site selection of the power stations. Chapters 3, 4 and 5 systematically present the research achievements in global hydro, wind and photovoltaic resource assessment, and the large-scale base development using the digital methods. Chapter 6 presents the research on the power consumption and outbound transmission scheme of the bases, which comprehensively analyzes the power supply, demand trend of each continent, and puts forward the power transmission direction and mode. Chapter 7 summarizes the investment and financial policy environment of the global renewable energy development, and puts forward investment and financial suggestions to promote cleaner energy development across all continents. The Global Renewable Energy Development and Investment series of reports made by the GEIDCO are committed to providing guidance and reference for the large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy around the world and accelerating the implementation of clean alternatives on the energy supply side. This report provides guidelines and acts as a reference guide for government departments, international organizations, energy enterprises, financial institutions, universities and relevant individuals who take part in renewable energy resource assessment, strategic research, project development, international cooperation, etc. However, due to the time constraints for data collection and report research writing timeframe, the contents may be incomplete. Comments and suggestions are welcome for further improvements.

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