Contents
Foreword i
Preface v
Executive Summary ix
List of Cases on Big Earth Data for SDGs xv
Chapter 1 Introduction
Challenges to implementing the SDGs / 2
Big Earth Data / 3
Big Earth Data in Support of SDGs / 4
Chapter 2 SDG 2 Zero Hunger
Background / 8
Main Contributions / 9
Case Study / 11
Spatial distribution of classes of farmland size and agricultural productivity in Zambia / 11
Monitoring desert locusts in Asia and Africa / 18
Spatiotemporal patterns of rice paddy dynamics on the Indochina Peninsula / 25
Cultivated land productivity dataset and its application in Northeast Eurasia / 32
Ethiopian wheat production potential / 40
Capacity building contributing to food security governance in Mozambique / 46
Summary / 55
Chapter 3 SDG 6 Clean Water and Sanitation
Background / 58
Main Contributions / 59
Case Study / 60
Spatial and temporal patterns of surface water clarity in the countries involved in the Belt and Road Initiative / 60
Crop water productivity assessment of a representative irrigation district in Morocco / 67
Water-use eff iciency in Central Asia / 74
Water-use eff iciency in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin / 81
Changes in water bodies in Ramsar sites / 90
Summary / 97
Chapter 4 SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities
Background / 100
Main Contributions / 101
Case Study / 103
Road network changes and road connectivity assessment in the 65 countries in Asia， Europe and Africa / 103
Analyzing rural accessibility along the China-Pakistan Railway / 113
High-resolution urban impervious surface mapping for global urbanization assessment / 119
Urban land use eff iciency and sustainability analysis for cities in Asia， Europe and Africa / 125
Assessment of land use changes in global large cities / 133
Study on spatial and temporal distribution and protection countermeasures of cultural heritage in Asia， Europe and Africa / 140
Human disturbance monitoring and integrated pressure analysis in World Natural Heritage sites in Asia， Europe and Africa / 151
Summary / 159
Chapter 5 SDG 13 Climate Action
Background / 162
Main Contributions / 163
Case Study / 165
Natural disaster impact evaluation in Asia， Africa， Europe and Oceania， 2015-2019 / 165
Global burned area distribution and changes / 174
Factors and temporal variation of emissions from dust sources in Central Asia over the past 40 years / 179
Global forest carbon budget and climate change / 185
Risk assessment of freeze-thaw disasters in High Mountain Asia / 191
Contributing factors and growth trend analysis for the desert locust upsurge in early 2020 / 197
Evaluation of navigation capacity in the Northeast Passage / 203
Meteorological drought monitoring over arid Central Asia / 209
Summary / 216
Chapter 6 SDG 14 Life Below Water
Background / 220
Main Contributions / 221
Case Study / 223
Eutrophication assessment of the South China Sea and surrounding waters / 223
Spatiotemporal patterns of coastal aquaculture ponds on the Indochina Peninsula and their impact on offshore chlorophyll-a concentration / 232
Monitoring changes in water environments in the ocean around the Port of Colombo / 238
Monitoring the extent and dynamic change in mangrove forests of some coastal countries / 244
Conservation and utilization of the coastline / 251
Summary / 258
Chapter 7 SDG 15 Life on Land
Background / 262
Main Contributions / 264
Case Study / 266
Global/regional forest cover (2019) / 266
Assessment of vulnerability in protected areas of the “Three Seas and One Lake” international basins， 2001-2015 / 271
Spatiotemporal dynamics of forest cover in Southeast Asia / 276
Global Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN) progress report / 284
Monitoring and assessing land degradation in five Central Asian countries / 289
Assessment of grassland degradation in Mediterranean Africa / 296
Dynamic monitoring and control measures of land degradation and restoration in Mongolia / 304
Time-series monitoring and decision support of the Mountain Green Cover Index in the Belt and Road Economic Corridors / 311
Assessment of forest changes in Asian elephant habitats / 319
Monitoring forest type of Amur tiger habitat / 325
Global land cover changes in the past 20 years / 331
Potential productivity and water use eff iciency for global terrestrial ecosystems / 339
Global assessment of the impact of population and climate change on the ecosystem material supply capacity of drylands / 347
Summary / 355
Chapter 8 Summary and Prospects / 358
References / 362
Acronyms / 381