了得網文化_中國文化繫列叢書：中國文化·醫藥（英）

編輯推薦

如此燦爛的中醫藥學，其來龍去脈是什麼？中醫是怎樣認識人體的？其主要理論思維如何？采用藥物、針灸治病的方法包括哪些內容？本書將以簡樸的語言娓娓道來，帶領讀者一起走進中醫領域的深奧大門。

內容簡介

中醫藥學在中華民族在長期生活和生產實踐中形成的寶貴財富。它以解除人類的疾病痛苦為目的，以人與自然的和諧相處為基本思路，在吸收中國古代哲學理念的基礎上，構建了自己的理論框架，形成了獨特的診療方式。

作者簡介

梁永宣，北京中醫藥大學教授、博導，中華醫學會醫史學分會主任委員。

趙歆，北京中醫藥大學副教授，北京中醫藥大學首屆青年教師講課比賽一等獎獲得者，中國大學視頻公開課主講教師。

甄雪燕，北京中醫藥大學副教授，中華醫學會醫史學分會青年委員會副主任委員。

三人自2008年起共同創作多部作品，如《青少年中醫藥文化知識普及讀本》、《中醫啟蒙三字經》、《中醫健康養生謠》等，還在北京市部分中小學開展了中醫藥知識進校園授課活動，有較為豐富的中醫科普寫作經驗。

Contents
Foreword
The Evolution of Ancient TCM
A Brief Introduction to TCM and Chinese Traditional Culture
The Spread of Ancient Medical Knowledge
The Skills and Virtues of Ancient Doctors
Aspects of Ancient TCM
Basic TCM Theories
The Foundation Works of TCM – The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine
Sun, Moon and Yin, Yang – the Yin-yang Theory of TCM
Starting with Five-colored Soil – the Five-elements of TCM
Man Is an Integral Part of Nature – the Holistic View of TCM
The Essence, Qi and Shen of the Chinese People
Blood and Body FluidsContents

Foreword

The Evolution of Ancient TCM

A Brief Introduction to TCM and Chinese Traditional Culture

The Spread of Ancient Medical Knowledge

The Skills and Virtues of Ancient Doctors

Aspects of Ancient TCM

Basic TCM Theories

The Foundation Works of TCM – The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine

Sun, Moon and Yin, Yang – the Yin-yang Theory of TCM

Starting with Five-colored Soil – the Five-elements of TCM

Man Is an Integral Part of Nature – the Holistic View of TCM

The Essence, Qi and Shen of the Chinese People

Blood and Body Fluids

TCM on the Five Internal Organs (Viscera)

Why Do We Get Sick?

The Diagnostic Methods of TCM

Syndrome Differentiation

Treating Disease by Preventing Illness before It Begins

About Traditional Chinese Medicine

The Origins of Traditional Chinese Medicine

The Rich Variety of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Processing Traditional Chinese Medicine

The Natures and Flavors of Traditional Chinese Medicine

The Forms of Traditional Chinese Drugs

The Combination of Medicine

The Modern Development of TCM

Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Other External treatments

Channels, Network Vessels and Acupoints

Acupuncture and Moxa-moxibustion

External Treatments to Treat Internal Illness

TCM Theories about the Cultivation of Health

Balance and Health

Emotions and Diseases

The Homology of Medicine and Food

Nourishing the Body with the Five Grains

Health Maintenance in the Four Seasons

Moderate Movement and Rest

The Development of TCM in Modern Times

The Competition between TCM and Western Medicine

The Integration of Traditional

Chinese and Western Medicine

The Combination of Traditional

Chinese and Western Medicine

Modern TCM Education

Modern TCM Diagnoses and Treatments

The Medicine of China’s Ethnic Groups

前言

Foreword
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a vast treasure trove of priceless knowledge that has been built up over thousands of years by the Han people and other ethnic Chinese groups. The aim of TCM is to cure diseases and alleviate suffering. To do this it focuses on the harmony between people and nature. It is based firmly on the traditions of the past, and draws on ancient philosophical concepts for both its theoretical framework and its unique diagnostic and treatment methodologies.
TCM emphasizes the close ties between individuals and society, stresses the unity of heaven and mankind and values a holistic view of the world. Its most important concepts, such as qi, yinyang and wuxing (five elements), highlight the unique understanding the ancient Chinese had of the functions of the human body, including their comprehensive knowledge of the interrelationship and interactions of the body’s viscera (zang and fu).Foreword

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a vast treasure trove of priceless knowledge that has been built up over thousands of years by the Han people and other ethnic Chinese groups. The aim of TCM is to cure diseases and alleviate suffering. To do this it focuses on the harmony between people and nature. It is based firmly on the traditions of the past, and draws on ancient philosophical concepts for both its theoretical framework and its unique diagnostic and treatment methodologies.

TCM emphasizes the close ties between individuals and society, stresses the unity of heaven and mankind and values a holistic view of the world. Its most important concepts, such as qi, yinyang and wuxing (five elements), highlight the unique understanding the ancient Chinese had of the functions of the human body, including their comprehensive knowledge of the interrelationship and interactions of the body’s viscera (zang and fu).

TCM incorporates a deep understanding of both nature and human beings. For example, TCM practitioners can produce medical resources from plants, animals and minerals to provide the basic means of treating diseases. TCM practitioners can also identify the mechanisms that causes disease, make diagnoses based on a patient’s symptoms and then treat them with herbs and other medicines or procedures.

TCM also encompasses disease prevention and practitioners can recommend diets and other healthcare regimes that can effectively extend a person’s lifespan. Moreover, the magic of acupuncture and moxibustion also play an important role in TCM. Both are techniques that have won the recognition of people from many countries.

The fascinating 2000-year history of TCM is closely linked with the names of many famous doctors from across the ages. Many ancient medical books and effective treatment approaches have been passed down from them. These provide a wealth of knowledge that later generations have benefitted from.

Over time, TCM has made an enormous contribution to the health and longevity of the Chinese people. It still plays an vital role today. As a dazzling pearl at the heart of oriental medicine, TCM has also had a great influence on Japan, Korea, southeastern Asian countries and other neighbors.

But how does TCM conceptualize the human body? How does it understand the causes and effects of illness? What are its major theories and ideas? What are the details of its herbal treatments and how do acupuncture and moxibustion therapies work? In this book, you will find the answer to these questions, and many more.

在線試讀

TCM on the Five Internal Organs (Viscera)
The Monarch Organ – the Heart
The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine compares the human body to a country where the king and ministers each performs their own duties. If each performs their duties properly and works in harmony with each other, the country will be able to resist aggression and evil and people will be able to live healthy and long lives.
Of the five major internal organs, the heart enjoys the most important position. In TCM theory, the heart dominates all the vital activities of the human body and is the body’s supreme commander. As The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine states: “The heart is the monarch of the organs”. The monarch is the highest ruler of a country and master of all its citizens. The fact that the classic text refers to the heart as the monarch confirms the importance of the heart amongst the viscera.
One of the major functions of the heart is to govern the blood and the vessels. The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine says that the “heart governs the blood of the human body”, it also describes the relationship between the organs and the blood and states plainly that the blood is dominated by the heart. The book also points out that the blood “never stops running and circulates in the body”, meaning that blood circulates around the body from the internal organs to the muscles in a continuous flow. This, of course, has been proved by modern anatomy to be true.
The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine also explains several major aspects of the blood circulatory system. It shows knowledge of the different functions of arteries and veins and differentiates between “blood ejects” (arterial blood) and “blood bleed, black and turbid” (venous blood). It is interesting to compare this with developments in Western medicine: the Romans only recognized that the blood was like a tide in the 2nd Century and did not know that blood circulated at all. In the 13th Century, the Arabs started to recognize that blood circulated. However it was only in 1628 that the British doctor William Harvey put forward his more complex views on blood circulation.TCM on the Five Internal Organs (Viscera)

The Monarch Organ – the Heart

The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine compares the human body to a country where the king and ministers each performs their own duties. If each performs their duties properly and works in harmony with each other, the country will be able to resist aggression and evil and people will be able to live healthy and long lives.

Of the five major internal organs, the heart enjoys the most important position. In TCM theory, the heart dominates all the vital activities of the human body and is the body’s supreme commander. As The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine states: “The heart is the monarch of the organs”. The monarch is the highest ruler of a country and master of all its citizens. The fact that the classic text refers to the heart as the monarch confirms the importance of the heart amongst the viscera.

One of the major functions of the heart is to govern the blood and the vessels. The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine says that the “heart governs the blood of the human body”, it also describes the relationship between the organs and the blood and states plainly that the blood is dominated by the heart. The book also points out that the blood “never stops running and circulates in the body”, meaning that blood circulates around the body from the internal organs to the muscles in a continuous flow. This, of course, has been proved by modern anatomy to be true.

The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine also explains several major aspects of the blood circulatory system. It shows knowledge of the different functions of arteries and veins and differentiates between “blood ejects” (arterial blood) and “blood bleed, black and turbid” (venous blood). It is interesting to compare this with developments in Western medicine: the Romans only recognized that the blood was like a tide in the 2nd Century and did not know that blood circulated at all. In the 13th Century, the Arabs started to recognize that blood circulated. However it was only in 1628 that the British doctor William Harvey put forward his more complex views on blood circulation.

According to TCM, another function of the heart is to “govern mental activities”, This means that the heart controls the spirit, thinking and conscious activities (and the intelligence and wisdom reflected in such activities). If the heart is functioning normally in this respect, then a person is spiritually healthy and has “sound sense”. Conversely, if a person’s state of mind is abnormal, then they may suffer from palpitations, forgetfulness, insomnia, mania or functional disorder of the internal organs.

The philosophers and thinkers of ancient China all believed that the heart controlled thinking, wisdom and the spiritual activities of the human body. This led to sayings such as Xin (heart), Xiang Shi Cheng (all wishes come to true) and Xin Ling Shou Qiao (quick-witted and nimble-fingered). The novel Dream of the Red Mansion praises how clever Lin Daiyu is by using an interesting remark, “her heart has one more hole than Bigan”. Where does this literary quotation mean?

Bigan was a talented minister of the Shang Dynasty who first assisted his brother Emperor Yi and then Emperor Yi’s son Emperor Zhou. It was said Bigan’s heart had seven holes. In ancient times it was believed that if a person’s heart had more holes than normal, then he or she must be clever. So the sages, who were known to be very clever and sophisticated, were thought to have more holes in their hearts than the common people. It was also thought that if a person’s heart holes were confused, that person would be clouded in the mind and silly. Such thinking became absorbed by traditional Chinese medicine.

As said above, the concept that “the heart governs mental activities” is an important basic TCM theory. It runs through the whole theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine, and is an idea that has been followed by most doctors for generations. How do TCM practitioners understand mental activities? One way to explain this is through the following metaphor: “A person’s body is like a car with well-equipped fully functional parts. But if there is no driver, the car cannot run no matter how excellent it is. Mental activities work like the driver.”

The idea that “the heart governs mental activities” also reflects the TCM belief that the heart is the “ruler of life’s activities” and the captain of all internal organs, coordinating them as they undertake all the body’s complicated physiological activities. If the heart gets sick, TCM practitioners believe that the other internal organs will suffer from various disorders and diseases. Therefore, it is not an overstatement to compare the heart to the monarch, to reflect its important role and position amongst the internal organs.

Although TCM places the heart as the organ that governs mental activity, TCM theory does not neglect the functions of the brain. The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine reads: “The brain is the sea of marrow…the head is the home of sharp intelligence”.

Zhang Zhongjing also said in the Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases that the “head is the ruler of the body and where the spirit light concentrates”. The medical works of later generations of physicians also confirm the important relationship between the brain, the spirit and consciousness.

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