了得網教材_學術英語寫作教程王永祥,張智義編大學教材大中專新華書店正

●Chapter 1
Academic Writing1
1.1 What Is Academic Writing2
1.2 Different Categories of Academic Writing2
1.2.1 Academic Articles2
1.2.2 Academic Books2
1.2.3 Conference Papers3
1.2.4 Poster Papers3
1.3 Different Categories of Academic Articles4
1.3.1 Letters4
1.3.2 Research Notes4
1.3.3 Articles4
1.3.4 Supplemental Articles4
1.3.5 Review Articles4
1.3.6 Data Papers5
1.3.7 Video Papers5
1.4 Purposes of Academic Writing5
Chapter 2
The Process of Academic Writing7
2.1 Academic Writing as a Process8
2.2 Different Stages in the Process of Academic Writing9
2.2.1 Preparation for Writing9
2.2.2 Academic Writing Per Se11
2.2.3 Sending Papers to Conferences and Seminars12
2.2.4 Targeting a Journal13
2.2.5 Preparing Your Paper for Submission13
2.2.6 Reviewing Process13
2.2.7 Technicalities of Proofs and Copyright14
Chapter 3
Academic Reading and Academic Resources17
3.1 Significance of Academic Reading to Academic Writing18
3.2 Habits and Skills for Academic Reading18
3.2.1 Forming the Habit of Reading18
3.2.2 Reading Actively, Not Passively19
3.2.3 Developing a Critical Eye for Writing Style20
3.2.4 Taking Notes20
3.3 How to Find Academic Resources Online20
3.3.1 Skimming the Internet21
3.3.2 Looking Through Library Database of Your University21
Chapter 4
Structure and Style23
4.1 Typical Essay Structure24
4.1.1 Introduction25
4.1.2 Argument Paragraphs26
4.1.3 Conclusion27
4.2 Structure of Academic Writing28
4.3 Tips for Academic Writing28
4.3.1 Writing Objectively28
4.3.2 Writing Concisely29
4.3.3 First Person vs Third Person29
4.3.4 Inclusive Language32
Chapter 5
Title37
5.1 Functions of Titles38
5.1.1 Generalizing the Text38
5.1.2 Attracting the Reader38
5.1.3 Facilitating the Retrieval39
5.2 Types of Titles39
5.3 Linguistic Features of Titles41
5.3.1 Using an Incomplete Sentence41
5.3.2 Using More Nouns, Noun Phrases, and Gerunds41
5.4 Requirements of Writing Titles42
5.4.1 To Be Brief and Concise42
5.4.2 To Be Specific43
5.4.3 To Avoid Question Titles43
5.4.4 To Be Unified43
5.4.5 To Be Standard43
Chapter 6
Authors and Affiliations47
6.1 Functions of Authors and Affiliations48
6.1.1 Bearing Authors’ Responsibilities48
6.1.2 Facilitating Retrieval and Correspondence48
6.1.3 Heightening Celebrity48
6.2 Implications of Authorship48
6.2.1 Authorship in So Sciences49
6.2.2 Authorship in Medical Sciences50
6.2.3 Authorship in Natural Sciences51
6.3 Requirements of Writing Authors and Affiliations51
6.3.1 Unifying Printing Format51
6.3.2 Omitting Profession Titles52
6.3.3 Paying Attention to Orders of Chinese and English Names52
6.3.4 Paying Attention to Affiliation52
6.3.5 Clearly Indicating Correspondent Author52
6.3.6 Indicating Authors’ Responsibilities if Necessary53
Chapter 7
Abstract55
7.1 Types of Abstracts56
7.2 Format of Abstracts56
7.3 Components of Abstracts57
7.3.1 Topic Sentences57
7.3.2 Supporting Sentences58
7.3.3 Concluding Sentences59
7.4 Structured Abstracts59
7.5 Sample Analysis63
Chapter 8
Key Words67
8.1 Functions of Key Words68
8.2 Disciplinary Differences of Key Words68
8.3 Who Supplies Key Words69
8.4 Features of Key Words70
8.4.1 Nominalization70
8.4.2 Limited Number70
8.4.3 Designated Choice70
8.5 How to Select Key Words70
8.6 How to Arrange Key Words72
8.6.1 Using Required Terms72
8.6.2 Placing in the Right Location72
8.6.3 Spacing the Key Words72
Chapter 9
Introduction75
9.1 Functional Elements of the Introduction Section76
9.1.1 Introducing the Subject76
9.1.2 Limiting the Research Scope77
9.1.3 Stating the General Purpose77
9.1.4 Explaining the Writing Arrangement77
9.2 Components of the Introduction Section77
9.3 Usual Process of Writing the Introduction Section78
9.3.1 Starting with the Research Background78
9.3.2 Moving Towards the Existing Problem78
9.3.3 Focusing on the Present Research78
9.3.4 Illustrating the Writing Structure79
9.4 Literature Reviews81
9.4.1 Purposes of Literature Reviews81
9.4.2 Strategies for Presenting Literature Reviews81
9.4.3 Problems Concerning Writing Literature Reviews84
9.4.4 False Assumptions Concerning Writing Literature Reviews84
Chapter 10
Textual Developments93
10.1 Types of Research Papers94
10.1.1 Papers of Theoretical Nature94
10.1.2 Papers of Experimental Nature96
10.1.3 Papers of Combined Natures96
10.2 Avoiding Logical Problems98
10.2.1 Avoiding Logical Fallacies98
10.2.2 Avoiding Logical Flaws100
10.2.3 Avoiding Conspiracy Theories100
Chapter 11
Methods and Materials103
11.1 Functions of the Methods and Materials Section104
11.2 Structure of the Methods and Materials Section104
11.3 Ingredients of the Methods and Materials Section106
11.3.1 Subjects (Participants)106
11.3.2 Materials107
11.3.3 Design and Procedure.108
11.4 How to Write the Methods and Materials Section108
11.4.1 Principles to Follow108
11.4.2 Supplementary Points to Notice111
Chapter 12
Results121
12.1 Importance of the Results Section122
12.2 Requirements of Writing the Results Section122
12.3 Two Moves Analysis of the Results Section123
12.4 Twelve Steps for Writing the Results Section123
12.5 Tables and Graphs124
12.5.1 Constructing Tables125
12.5.2 Presenting Tables125
12.5.3 Presenting Graphs126
12.5.4 Sample Analysis126
Chapter 13
Discussion135
13.1 Functions and Objectives of the Discussion Section136
13.2 Elements to Include in the Discussion Section137
13.2.1 Stating Major Findings of the Study137
13.2.2 Explaining Why Findings Are Important137
13.2.3 Relating Findings to Those of Similar Studies138
13.2.4 Considering Alternative Explanations of Findings138
13.2.5 Acknowledging the Study’s Limitations138
13.2.6 Making Suggestions for Further Research139
13.2.7 Giving “Take-Home Messages” in the Form of a Conclusion139
13.3 Things to Avoid in the Discussion Section139
13.3.1 Over Interpretation of the Results139
13.3.2 Unwarranted Speculation140
13.3.3 Inflating the Importance of Findings140
13.3.4 Tangential Issues140
13.3.5 Too Much Criticism140
13.4 How to Write the Discussion Section140
Chapter 14
Conclusion147
14.1 Typical Contents of the Conclusion Section148
14.1.1 Summing Up148
14.1.2 Statement of the Conclusion148
14.1.3 Statement of Recommendations148
14.1.4 Graceful Termination149
14.2 Common Problems in Writing the Conclusion Section149
14.2.1 Being Too Long149
14.2.2 Having Too Many Details149
14.2.3 Failure to Comment on Larger, More Significant Issues149
14.2.4 Failure to Reveal the Complexities of a Conclusion or Situation.150
14.3 Warnings and Suggestions for Writing the Conclusion Section150
14.3.1 Warnings150
14.3.2 Suggestions151
14.4 Sample Analysis151
Chapter 15
Supplementary Parts to Academic Writing157
15.1 Acknowledgement158
15.2 References159
15.2.1 Styles of References159
15.2.2 Reasons for Citing References161
15.2.3 Citing Page Numbers for Quotations in the Text162
15.2.4 Using Appropriate Styles and References162
15.3 Footnotes163
15.4 Correspondence Among Authors, Editors, and Referees163
15.5 Proofs165
15.6 Sample Letters166
Chapter 16
Academic Publishing173
16.1 Targeting Academic Journals174
16.1.1 Impact Factors174
16.1.2 Useful Tips175
16.2 Delays in the Publishing Process175
16.3 The Process of Refereeing176
16.4 Key Elements to the Success of Academic Publishing178
16.4.1 Procrastination and Writer’s Block178
16.4.2 To Advocate Collaboration179
16.4.3 To Be Productive180
Bibliography183

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