Preface
Chapter 1 Introduction to Solid State Welding
1.1 Terminology
1.2 Welding Technology
1.3 Classification of Welding
1.4 Fusion Welding
1.4.1 Gas Welding
1.4.2 Arc Welding
1.4.3 High-Energy Beam Welding
1.5 Heat Source
1.6 Solid State Welding
1.6.1 Classification of Solid State Welding
1.6.2 Advantages of Solid State Welding
1.6.3 Importance of Interface in Solid State Welding
Questions
References
Chapter 2 Fundamentals of Metal Adhesion and Cohesion
2.1 Terminology
2.2 Introduction
2.3 Surface Energy
2.4 Fracture Energy (Cohesion Energy)
2.5 Grain Boundary Energy
2.6 Interface Energy
2.7 Properties Influencing Adhesion
Questions
References
Chapter 3 Cold Welding
3.1 Terminology
3.2 Introduction
3.3 Bonding Mechanism
3.4 Variants of Cold Welding
3.4.1 Cold Pressure Lap Welding
3.4.2 Cold Pressure Butt Welding
3.5 Cold Welding in Drawing
3.6 Cold Welding in Extrusion
3.7 Cold Welding in Roiling
Questions
References
Chapter 4 Rotary Friction Welding
4.1 Terminology
4.2 Classification of Friction Welding
4.3 Principle of Rotary Friction Welding
4.4 Process Parameters
4.4.1 The Process of Continuous-Drive Friction Welding
4.4.2 The Process of Inertia Friction Welding (IFW)
4.5 Heat Generation during Rotary Friction Welding
4.6 Important Factors
4.7 Advantages and Limitations
4.8 Applications
Questions
References
Chapter 5 Linear Friction Welding
5.1 Terminology
5.2 Principle of Linear Friction Welding
5.3 Phases of Linear Friction Welding
5.3.1 Phase I: Initial Phase
5.3.2 Phase II: Transition Phase
5.3.3 Phase III: Equilibrium Phase
5.3.4 Phase IV: Deceleration Phase
5.4 Advantages and Limitations of Linear Friction Welding
5.5 History and Applications of Linear Friction Welding
5.6 Microstructure and Properties of LFW Ti-6A1-4V
5.6.1 Microstructure
5.6.2 Mechanical Properties
5.7 Modeling of the Linear Friction Welding Process
5.7.1 Numerical Model
5.7.2 Typical Temperature and Axial Shortening Evolution
5.8 Heat Input
Questions
References
Chapter 6 Friction Stir Welding
6.1 Terminology
6.2 Principle of Friction Stir Welding
6.3 Benefits of Friction Stir Welding
6.4 Industrial Applications
6.5 Joint Microstructure
6.6 Joint Properties
6.7 FSW Tool Design
6.7.1 Tool Materials
6.7.2 Tool Geometry
6.7.3 Tool Wear and Failure
Questions
References
Chapter 7 Diffusion Bonding
7.1 Terminology
7.2 Introduction
7.3 Welding Mechanism
7.4 Important Factors Affecting Bonding
7.4.1 Surface Roughness
7.4.2 Surface Oxides
7.5 Effect of Interlayers
7.6 Diffusion Bonding of Stainless Steel with Titanium Alloy
7.7 Transient Liquid Phase Diffusion Bonding
Questions
References
Chapter 8 Explosion Welding
8.1 Terminology
8.2 Introduction
8.3 The Process of Explosion Welding
8.4 Advantages and Disadvantages of Explosion Welding
8.4.1 Advantages
8.4.2 Disadvantages
8.5 Process Parameters
8.6 Examples
8.7 Formation Mechanism of Wavy Interface
Questions
References
Chapter 9 Ultrasonic Welding
9.1 Terminology
9.2 Introduction
9.3 TheProcess of USW
9.4 Process Parameters
9.5 Advantages and Disadvantages of USW
9.5.1 Advantages
9.5.2 Disadvantages
9.6 Microstructure and Mechanical Properties
Questions
References
Chapter 10 Cold Spraying
10.1 Terminology
10.2 Introduction
10.2.1 Surface Engineering
10.2.2 Thermal Spraying
10.3 Cold Spray Process
10.3.1 Principle of Cold Spraying
10.3.2 Main Advantages and Disadvantages of CS
10.4 Bonding Mechanisms in Cold Spraying
10.4.1 Bonding Hypothesis
10.4.2 Influencing Factors of Critical Velocity
10.5 Processing Parameters
10.5.1 Driving Gas
10.5.2 Nozzle Design
10.5.3 Powder Property
10.6 Applications
10.6.1 Protective Coatings
10.6.2 Functional Coatings
10.6.3 Repair and Restoration
10.6.4 Additive Manufacturing/Spray Forming
Questions
References
Chapter 11 Laser Impact Welding
11.1 Terminology
11.2 The Process of Laser Impact Welding
11.3 Process Parameters
Questions
References
Chapter 12 Magnetic Pulse Welding
12.1 Terminology
12.2 The Process of Magnetic Pulse Welding
12.3 Process Parameters
12.3.1 Impact Energy Level
12.3.2 Standoff Distance
12.3.3 Coil Geometry
12.3.4 Overlap Width
Questions
References
Chapter 13 Soldering and Brazing
13.1 Terminology
13.2 Introduction
13.3 Wettability and Solderability
13.4 Process Characteristics and Parameters
13.4.1 Important Features
13.4.2 Process Parameters
13.5 Advantages and Limitations
13.6 Techniques Available
13.6.1 Torch Brazing and Soldering
13.6.2 Furnace Brazing and Soldering
13.6.3 Induction Brazing and Soldering
13.6.4 Dip Brazing and Soldering
13.6.5 Vacuum Brazing
13.6.6 Resistance Soldering
13.6.7 Hot Gas Soldering
13.7 Joint Designs
Questions
References
Chapter 14 Solid State Variants of Resistance Welding
14.1 Terminology
14.2 Introduction
14.3 Flash Welding
14.3.1 History and Applications
14.3.2 Advantages and Limits
14.3.3 Process Parameters
14.4 Upset Welding
14.4.1 Welding Cycle
14.4.2 Weldable Metals and Applications
14.5 Projection Welding
14.5.1 Process Parameters
14.5.2 Projection Design
14.5.3 Advantages and Limits
Questions
References