這是本純英文讀本。書本從軟件演化管理的角度，較為繫統地討論了軟件演化過程的相關問題，包括軟件演化過程元模型、軟件演化過程描述語言、軟件演化過程框架、軟件演化過程建模方法、軟件演化過程改進等。書本還給出了一個軟件演化過程的支撐工具，並提供了多個案例研究。
本書可以作為計算機專業研究生和高年級本科生的教材和教學參考書，也可供從事軟件工程的科技人員使用和參考。

軟件演化是近年來軟件工程領域正逐步受到重視的研究方向，並將得 到越來越多的關注。本書從軟件演化管理的角度，較為繫統地討論了軟件 演化過程的相關問題，包括軟件演化過程元模型、軟件演化過程描述語言 、軟件演化過程框架、軟件演化過程建模方法、軟件演化過程改進等。本 書還給出了一個軟件演化過程的支撐工具，並提供了多個案例研究。 本書可以作為計算機專業研究生和高年級本科生的教材和教學參考書 ，也可供從事軟件工程的科技人員使用和參考。

Preface ix
List of Figures and Tables
xiii
1 Introduction 1
.1 Motivation 1
1.2 Contributions 3
1.3 Research Methods 4
1.4 Success Criteria 5
1.5 Validation Methods 5
1.6 Outline 6
References 7

2 Overview of Software Processes and Software Evolution 8
2.1 Introduction 9
2.2 Software Processes 9
2.2.1 Concepts of Software Process 9
2.2.2 Software Process Modelling and Descriptions 11
2.2.3 Software Process Modelling and Description Languages 13
2.2.4 Software Process Improvement and CMM 16
2.2.5 Software Process Reuse 19
2.2.6 Process-Centred Software Engineering Environments 20
2.3 Software Evolution 21
2.3.1 Concepts of Software Evolution 21
2.3.2 Software Reengineering 22
2.3.3 Software Evolution 25
2.4 Summary 27
References 27

3 Related Work 34
3.1 Introduction 35
3.2 Software Evolution Process 35
3.3 Concurrency in the Software Life Cycle 38
3.4 Petri Nets 39
3.5 Dependence Analysis 43
3.6 Formal Functional Decomposition 44
3.7 Summary 46
References 46

4 Software Evolution Process Meta-Model EPMM 50
4.1 Introduction 51
4.2 Properties of Software Evolution Processes 52
4.3 Iteration in Software Evolution Processes 52
4.4 Concurrency in Software Evolution Processes 54
4.4.1 Version Concurrency 54
4.4.2 Process Concurrency 55
4.4.3 Sub-Process Concurrency 55
4.4.4 Phase Concurrency 56
4.4.5 Activity Concurrency 56
4.4.6 Task Concurrency 57
4.5 Static Component Definitions of EPMM 57
4.5.1 Task 58
4.5.2 Activity 59
4.5.3 Software Process 60
4.5.4 Example: Prototype Evolution Process Model 61
4.5.5 Global Model 63
4.6 Dynamic Component Definitions of EPMM 64
4.7 Supports for Software Evolution Processes 66
4.8 Summary 67
References 68

5 Software Evolution Process Description Language EPDL 70
5.1 Introduction 71
5.2 Survey of EPDL 71
5.2.1 Design Goals 71
5.2.2 Characteristics 72
5.2.3 Program Structure 73
5.3 Task 74
5.4 Activity 76
5.5 Software Process 77
5.6 Global Model 80
5.7 EPDL Program 80
5.8 Example 81
5.9 Summary 82
References 83

6 Framework of Software Evolution Processes 85
6.1 Introduction 86
6.2 Framework of Software Evolution Processes 86
6.3 Steps for Modelling Software Evolution Processes 88
6.4 Designing Global Models 91
6.5 Evolution Process Descriptions 92
6.6 Summary 93
References 93

7 Designing Processes and Activities 95
7.1 Introduction 96
7.2 Designing Processes 96
7.2.1 Basic Blocks 96
7.2.2 Software Process Package 98
7.2.3 Procedure for Modelling Processes 99
7.3 Designing Activities 100
7.4 Reuse of Software Evolution Processes 101
7.4.1 Reuse by Inheritance 101
7.4.2 Reuse of Basic Blocks 102
7.4.3 Reuse of Process Packages 106
7.5 Summary 107
References 107

8 Designing Tasks 109
8.1 Introduction 110
8.2 Procedure of Designing Tasks 111
8.3 Structures of Functional Decomposition 111
8.4 Decomposition Rules 113
8.4.1 Sequence Decomposition 114
8.4.2 Selection Decomposition 115
8.4.3 Repetition Decomposition 116
8.5 Structure of the Knowledge Base 117
8.5.1 The Case Base 118
8.5.2 The Segment Base 119
8.5.3 The Rule Base 119
8.6 Decomposition 119
8.6.1 The Decomposition Tree 119
8.6.2 Match Between Two 2-Assertions 120
8.6.3 The Decomposition Process 121
8.6.4 Supports by Modellers 122
8.7 Summary 123
References 124

9 Efficiency Improvement of the Software Evolution Processes 125
9.1 Introduction 126
9.2 Procedure of Efficiency Improvement 127
9.3 Dependence Analysis Between Entities 130
9.3.1 Constructing a Dependence Graph 130
9.3.2 Localising Dependences 131
9.4 Reconstructing Process Segments 132
9.4.1 Preprocessing an ADG 133
9.4.2 Transformation Rules 136
9.4.3 Transformation Algorithm 137
9.4.4 Examples 138
9.5 Capturing Concurrency within an Activity 140
9.6 Analysing Dependences Between Partition Blocks 142
9.7 Extending Concurrency 144
9.8 Reconstructing Software Processes 146
9.9 Summary 149
References 149

10 Support Environment EPT 151
10.1 Introduction 152
10.2 Architecture of EPT 153
10.3 File Depository 154
10.3.1 Data Structures of EPDL Object Codes 154
10.3.2 Other Data Structures 156
10.4 Process Server 158
10.4.1 Modelling Manager 158
10.4.2 EPDL Compiler 161
10.4.3 Runtime Manager 161
10.5 User Interface and Message Server 163
10.6 Summary 165
References 165

11 Case Studies 166
11.1 Introduction 167
11.2 First Case Study: The Waterfall Model 168
11.3 Second Case Study: Three Software Processes Involved in Evolution 170
11.4 Third Case Study: An Evolution Process of an Information Security System 174
11.4.1 Background 174
11.4.2 The Process of Modelling 175
11.4.3 EPDL Program 175
11.4.4 White Box Approach 176
11.4.5 Black Box Approach 179
11.4.6 Efficiency Improvement 180
11.5 Fourth Case Study: The Maintenance Process of ISO/IEC 12207 183
11.5.1 Background 183
11.5.2 EPDL Program 185
11.5.3 Activity: Process Implementation 186
11.5.4 Activity: Problem and Modification Analysis 187
11.5.5 Activity: Modification Implementation 189
11.5.6 Activity: Maintenance Review/Acceptance 190
11.5.7 Activity: Migration 190
11.5.8 Activity: Software Retirement 192
11.6 Summary 194
References 195

12 Conclusions 196
12.1 Success Criteria Revisited 196
12.2 Evaluations 198
12.2.1 Comparison with Osterweil's Approach 198
12.2.2 Comparison with Lehman's Approach 200
12.2.3 Evaluations 202
12.3 Summary 202
12.4 Future Work 204
12.4.1 Limitations 204
12.4.2 Directions for Future Work 205
References 205

Index 207