《劍橋雅思最新真題題源詳解——閱讀（學術類）（第五版）》具有以下特點：
真題回顧：通過對已考文章和試題的回憶，透視真實考題，抓住重復規律。
背景知識：幫助考生快速理解文章，提高答題速度和準確率。
12套真題實戰演練：所選文章的題材、背景、試題的題型和難度與已考文章相同，權威精準。

李箐，資深雅思考試測試和輔導專家，澳大利亞永久居民，並在邦德大學、昆士蘭大學、悉尼大學和維多利亞大學等高校的語言中心和雅思測試中心進行過針對雅思考試輔導和測試的教研。對歷年雅思閱讀考試的文章來源、背景、題材及題型和試題難度有深入的研究，著有多部雅思暢銷專著。

楊春，經濟學博士。擔任環球雅思學校閱讀主講10年以來，培養出多名雅思考”以及數百名雅思考試閱讀成績8分以上的學員。審定過多部雅思暢銷專著。

第一部分 雅思閱讀學術類真題題源12套
TEST PAPER 1
PASSAGE 1 動物自我療傷
PASSAGE 2 辨別說謊
PASSAGE 3 鸚鵡發音
TEST PAPER 2
PASSAGE 1 尋找種子
PASSAGE 2 南極與氣候
PASSAGE 3 海洋能源發電
TEST PAPER 3
PASSAGE 1 蘇聯彈性工作時間
PASSAGE 2 伏尼契手稿
PASSAGE 3 航海鐘的發明
TEST PAPER 4
PASSAGE 1 磁療
PASSAGE 2 猛犸像幼崽
PASSAGE 3 阿爾弗雷德?諾貝爾
TEST PAPER 5
PASSAGE 1 彗星撞木星
PASSAGE 2 珍珠
PASSAGE 3 看體育節目和大腦活動
TEST PAPER 6
PASSAGE 1 口譯：同傳和交傳
PASSAGE 2 生物防治
PASSAGE 3 閱讀的教學方法
TEST PAPER 7
PASSAGE 1 機器人
PASSAGE 2 城市規劃
PASSAGE 3 美國電影
TEST PAPER 8
PASSAGE 1 英國天纔工程師
PASSAGE 2 水壩的災難
PASSAGE 3 考拉（樹袋熊）
TEST PAPER 9
PASSAGE 1 美國肥胖
PASSAGE 2 玻璃研究
PASSAGE 3 學術腐敗
TEST PAPER 10
PASSAGE 1 選擇和幸福
PASSAGE 2 鯨魚的感覺
PASSAGE 3 語言學派
TEST PAPER 11
PASSAGE 1 地圖發展史
PASSAGE 2 仿生學研究
PASSAGE 3 人類五種感覺
TEST PAPER 12
PASSAGE 1 海獺
PASSAGE 2 龍涎香
PASSAGE 3 社會學試驗

第二部分 雅思閱讀學術類2套模擬試題
TEST 1
TEST 2

第三部分 附錄
附錄1 2008年1月—2014年6月中國考區雅思考試閱讀學術類文章彙總
附錄2 單詞總表

TEST PAPER 1
PASSAGE 1動物自我療傷
2012年10月7日在中國大陸考卷中出現
2014年3月13日在澳大利亞考卷中出現
考試回憶
（以下考試回憶內容可能和真實考試內容有一定出入，僅供考生參考。）
大猩猩以及其他動物可以通過喫某些東西來自我治愈傷口。人從動物那裡得到啟發，想研究生產某種療傷的藥，這個研究已經付諸實施。牛吞食黏土對腸胃消化有幫助，牛的這種能力不是學來的，而是天生的。老鼠不知道喫什麼能治病，它們看到別的動物喫什麼就喫什麼。
背景知識
說明：由於“動物自我療傷”這篇閱讀文章在2009年—2014年的考試中多次出現，而這方面的內容又比較專業，所以考生多了解這方面的背景知識尤其重要。本文繫統介紹了動物自我療傷的相關知識，供考生參考。

目前治愈人類疾病的基因和遺傳工程研究還處於復雜的階段。牛通過吞食黏土來彌補自身某些礦物質的不足，紅疣猴靠喫木炭來檢測食物的毒性，黑猩猩通過喫帶毛的樹葉來清除自己腸道內的寄生蟲，這些都是動物自我治療疾病的例子，也許會給人類自我治療疾病帶來一些啟發。
在利用草藥治病這方面，人類還有許多方面可以向動物學習。1994年前，人們對於動物的了解隻是基於一個叫做“動物生藥學”的新興學科。1994年第一次舉辦了世界範圍內的研討會，交流動物醫療的相關知識和經驗。
研究人員早就發現，盡管動物自身擁有強大的免疫繫統，但是它們不是僅僅靠免疫繫統來抵御疾病並保持健康的。免疫繫統隻是在動物主動采用自療方法後纔被動起作用的。除了尋找足夠的食物之外，動物還需要花費大量的精力和時間來找到某種天然的藥物以保持健康。
由於沒有特別明顯的區別和特點，動物自身的預防和自愈功能並不容易被辨別開來。例如，對人類來說嘔吐是一種有效預防疾病的方式。然而，動物不會嘔吐，拿老鼠來說吧，老鼠感覺自己生病或喫了有毒的食物後，就會找一種黏土喫，這種黏土可以吸收毒素，把毒素殺死或分解。老鼠感到不舒服時，就會喫這種黏土，因此老鼠能夠有效避免自己因中毒而死。你法區分這些健康的老鼠是通過自我預防、自我保護還是自我治療而生存下來的。對於動物來說，它們可以通過經驗來達到自我預防和自我治療的目的。
人類與動物的自療都是意識的。舉例來說，有些患精神分裂癥的病人每天吸煙三次以上，如果你說他不應該吸這麼多煙，他們極少會同意你的看法。盡管還未確定，事實上，也許香煙中的尼古丁可以減輕精神分裂的癥狀。
可以這樣說，動物進行自療並保持健康是一種重要的適應自然環境的能力。隻有具有這種能力，它們纔能生存，但很多生物學家都忽視了這一點。動物們不僅僅要活下來，它們還得保持健康纔能與其他動物進行競爭。
美國杜克大學研究人員在坦桑尼亞島對紅疣猴進行了很長一段時間的研究，他們發現這種猴子有一種獨特的發現食物有毒的方法。它們用喫木炭的方法來檢測食物是否有毒。小的紅疣猴從母猴那裡學會這一方法。日本東京大學的研究人員發現黑猩猩會把那些帶毛的樹葉卷起來。它們用這種方法來清除腸道內的寄生蟲，黑猩猩的這種方法是通過經驗的慢慢積累得來的。
早些時候，研究人員還發現，動物們能夠確切地知道哪種草藥可以治療它們所患的流行病。但研究發現，動物並不知道自己所患的病癥具體需要哪種草藥，它們所用的草藥品種很多。例如，猿猴為了治愈自己所患的腸道疾病，它們會喫下能找到的所有帶毛的樹葉。觀察發現，它們喫下的樹葉品種達三十多種。
實際上，不隻是野生動物有這種自療的能力，家養的動物也有自療能力。比如，牛喫黏土。牧民很清楚，牛經常會挖土並舔食。這就表明，牛知道自己身體內缺乏某種礦物質，它們在自己找著喫。英國有研究人員發現，當地有些羊喫燕鷗。羊是不喫肉的，它們隻是喫燕鷗的骨頭。據分析，這些生活在牧場的羊身體內缺乏礦物質，燕鷗骨頭裡有礦物質，它們用這種方法來保持健康。
對牛群的觀察發現，它們不僅僅是靠喫黏土來找尋礦物質，黏土中還粘著很多種細菌，能導致腹瀉。通過腹瀉，牛可以排出體內的毒素和寄生蟲。數據研究顯示，經過有效的排洩，動物身體吸收的能量和營養物質能提高20%。研究人員可以從中得到啟發。以家畜為例，如果讓它們以這種自療的方法治病，而不是使用抗生素，就會生產出更好的綠色食品，並能提高產量。
經常騎馬的人都知道，如果想讓馬把體內的寄生蟲排出體外，可以把馬尾切下來，裹上蜂蜜，讓馬喫下去。這與動物靠喫多毛的樹葉排出腸道寄生蟲的原理是一樣的。毛發不能被消化，但能刺激並強迫寄生蟲脫離身體。

核心詞彙
genetic engineering 遺傳工程
charcoal test 炭吸附測定
chimpanzee n黑猩猩
parasite n 寄生物
pharmacognosy n （尤指研究天然藥物的）生藥學
anthelmintic adj 驅蟲的；n 驅蟲劑，打蟲藥
symptomatic treatment 對癥治療，癥狀療法
nutrient n 營養物，養分；adj 營養的，滋養的
livestock n 家畜，牲畜

READING PASSAGE 1
Animal Self-medicine (Health in the Wild)
A At present，although the genes and genetic engineering to the emergence of human disease healing based on sophisticated molecular level，the cows eat clay added their own lack of certain mineral；red colobus monkeys eat charcoal to test whether its food is toxic；chimpanzee folded hairy leaves down clear intestinal parasites in animal diseases such as self-treatment method，perhaps to human heal disease also have some enlightenment.
B In herbal medicine to treat a disease，there is considerable experience from animal to learn. In early 1994，people in the animal self understanding based on the creation of a new young discipline，called “animal pharmacognosy” (Zoopharmacognosy)，and in the world convened the first conference，in exchange for animal therapy research knowledge and experience.
C For many years，researchers have known，although the animal’s own strong immune system against the disease，but they are not just by their immune system to resist disease and keep healthy. Immunity is a passive method，in addition to animal will take the initiative cures. Animal survival in addition to enough food，also put a lot of energy and time in the maintenance of health，it is to find the nature of the health care drugs.
D It is not too easy to distinguish animal disease prevention and self treatment，because there is no obvious difference or characteristics. For example，vomiting is an effective way to prevent disease of one person. However，animal cannot vomit，such as mice，so whenever a mouse feels sick or eat the poisoned food，he’ll find a kind of clay，and the clay can absorb toxins，and make the toxin inactive or relieved. That is to say，when the mouse feels a little sick，it will eat this kind of clay，so the mouse can effectively avoid poisoning. Then do not distinguish between good mouse is self prevention or protection，or self healing. So from animal there are available for prevention and treatment of the combination of experience.
E People also have similar situations. Human and animal self-treatment is unconscious. For example，although not confirmed，some patients with schizophrenia every smoked more than three times. If you asked him why he smoked so much smoke，he merely replied，like so. But in fact，perhaps nicotine can alleviate the symptoms of schizophrenia.
F Should say，animal self health care and health is an important ability of adapting to the environment，only in this way they can survive. This is the animal that they adaptability is one of the important ways，but many biologists have overlooked this point. Animal not only to survive，but also as far as possible health，only in this way，they can have the capital to compete with other animal.
G The United States Duke University researchers in Tanzania island of Zanzibar a red colobus monkey was observed for a long time，we find that they have a unique identification of the food is toxic method. They always eat charcoal to test its food plant is poisonous. And the young red colobus monkeys see their mother to do so when they learned this method. Japan Kyoto University researchers also found the chimpanzee will fold hairy leaves，and leaves. It turns out that they were using this method in the intestinal parasite clearance. But the chimpanzee such ingestion leaves anthelmintic behavior is to learn from experience
H Earlier some researchers think，animal knows exactly what kind of herbal medicine to treat them like what kind of disease prevalence，and was diagnosed after symptomatic treatment. But the study find，animal use herbal remedies are not very accurate with some medicine to cure certain diseases，they use a high degree of flexibility. For example，great apes seem to swallow any of them could find a rough surface of the leaves to get rid of parasites in the body. By observation，this leaves about 30 kinds of.
I In fact，if you think only wild animal has self health care and treatment ability is wrong，domestic animal still have self healing ability. For example，cattle in some will eat clay. Grazing or farm workers are familiar with，the herd would dig，licking dirt. This indicates that bovine know the body lacks certain minerals，they are looking for some minerals. There are researchers in a British Islands found，local sheep eat tern. Sheep does not eat meat，just chewing tern bones. Analysis shows that，due to their lack of grazing sheep only，in minerals，so from the tern bones obtained in the mineral supplement，to protect their health.
J Also observed in cattle is not just looking for minerals，and digging to find clay. The researchers analyzed that，clay is stuck with a lot of bacteria，can cause bovine diarrhea. In the excretion of also the cow stomach row out toxins and parasites. The researchers calculated the results，due to the effective discharge of the parasite，cattle food energy and nutrients into the muscle weight increased by 20%. According to this situation，the researchers think this is breeding a new direction. In case of cattle，sheep，pigs，chickens，ducks and other livestock to reduce the use of antibiotics to treat diseases，sterilization，instead of using animal self treatment methods，such as eating clay，it may not only the production of innocuous green food (meat and eggs)，and can increase yield.
K In both East and West，horse people have such a “recipe”，if you want to get rid of the parasites in the body，can we cut the cauda equina，outside wrap honey，let the horse down. The principle and the animal swallowed hairy leaves to get rid of parasites in exactly the same. Hair will not be digested，but also can stimulate and coerced intestinal parasites，let their body.


Questions 1—4
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 1—4 on your answer sheet，write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
1.Using hairy leaves，chimpanzee can get rid of parasites for self-healing.
2.In order to maintain their health，animals need keep themselves busy.
3.Just like humans，animals are aware of self-treatment as well.
4.Livestock eat clay would boost the food output.


Questions 5—10
Reading Passage 1 has 11 paragraphs，A—K.
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter A—K in boxes 5—10 on your answer sheet.
5.Like animals，people in illness have no conscious about self-treatment.
6.The meeting focusing on animal therapy was first held.
7.Hair can clear parasites in horse’s body.
8.Animals spend time to seek nature drugs for keeping fit.
9.People neglect the fact self－treatment is also a way to adapt to the surroundings for animals.
10. Parasites can be excreted by diarrhea.


Questions 11—14
Complete the summary below using words from the box.
A mouse feeling sick eats clay for relieving because clay may assimilate 11，although animals have no conscious of 12. Baby moneys learn a skill from their mothers to identify if the food they are going to eat is 13. Animals do not exactly know which kind of 14 can cure what kind of disease，so they usually eat all hairy leaves they can find.
nutrition fuel self-treatment delicious none toxin deregulation service
poisonous transport herbal medicine diagrams