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學習英語的中國大學生在閱讀英文書刊和同英語國家人士的交往中，往往感到由於缺乏歐洲文化知識而增加了許多困難。英語中有數不清的典故、名言、成語、人名、地名等等來自古希臘、羅馬的哲學、文學、歷史著作，希伯萊的聖經，文藝復興時期的藝術創作，或者牽涉到各時期思想、科技、政治、社會方面的重要事件和人物。如果對這些所知無多，讀書未必全懂，對談也難順利。而一旦對這些有了較多知識，則不僅了解程，會提高。而且由於通過文化來學習語言，語言也會學得更好。

Introduction
1. Uses of the Subject
2. Two Major Elements in European Culture
DIVISION ONE GREEK CULTURE AND ROMAN CULTURE
I. Greek Culture
1. The Historical Context
2. Social and Political Structure
3. Homer
4. Lyric Poetry
5. Drama
a. Aeschylus （525-456 B. C. ）
b. Sophocles （496-406 B. C. ）
c. Euripides （484-406 B. C. ）
d. Comedy
6. History
a. Herodotus （484-430 B. C. ）
b. Thucydides （about 460-404 B. C. ）
7. Philosophy and Science
a. Socrates
b. Plato
c. Aristotle
d. Contending Schools 0f Thought
e. Science
8. Art， Architecture， Sculpture and Pottery
a. Art
b. Architecture
c. Sculpture
i. Discus Thrower
ii. Venus de Milo
iii. Laocoon group about 125 B. C.
d. Pottery
9. Impact
a. Spirit of Innovation
b. Supreme Achievement
c. Lasting Effect
Question for Revision
I. Roman Culture
1. Romans and Greeks
2. Roman History
3. Latin Literature
a. Prose
i. Marcus Tullius Cicero （106-43 B. C. ）
ii. Julius Caesar （102/1007-44 B. C. ）
b. Poetry
i. Lucretius （about 93-50 B. C. ）
ii. Virgil （70-19 B， C. ）
4. Architecture， Painting and Sculpture
a. Architecture
i. The Pantheon
ii. Pont du Gard
iii. The Colosseum
b. Painting
c. Sculpture
i. Constantine the Great
ii. Spoils from the Temple in Jerusalem （81 A.D. ）
iii. She-wolf
Questions for Revision

DIVISION TWO THE BIBLE AND CHRISTIANITY
I. General Introduction
I. The Old Testament
1. The Pentateuch
a. The Fall of Man
b. Noahs Ark
c. Ten Commandments
2. The Historical Books
3. The Poetical Books
a. Book of Job
b. Book of Psalms
c. Proverb
d. Ecclesiastes
e. Song of Solomon
4. The Prophets
a. Amos
b. Jeremiah （about 650-570 B. C. ）
c. The Book of Daniel
I. Rise of Christianity
1. The Life of Jesus
2. The Spread of Christianity
IV. The New Testament
1， The Birth of Jesus
2. Jesus Is Tempted by the Devil
3. The Sermon on the Mount
4. The Last Supper
5. The Crucifixion
V. Translations of the Bible
Questions for Revision
DIVISION THREE
THE MIDDLE AGES
I. General Introduction
11. Manor and Church
1 ： Feudalism
a. Growth of Feudalism
b. The Manor
c. Knighthood and Code of Chivalry
……

2. Social and Political Structure
Athens was a democracy. Democracy means "exercise of power by the whole people"， but by "the whole people" the Greeks meant only the adult male citizens， and citizenship was aset of rights which man inherited from his father. Women， children， foreigners and
slaves were excluded. They had no rights.
The economy of Athens rested on an immense amount of slavelabour. Slaves worked on farms and in workshops and mines owned by their masters. There was harsh exploitation in Greek society.
The Greeks loved sports. Once every four years， they had a big festival on Olympus Mount which included contests of sports. Thus began the Olympic Games. Revived in 1896， the Games have become the worlds foremost amateur sports competition.
3. Homer
Ancient Greeks considered Homer to be the author of their epics. He probably lived around 700 B.C. Two such epics， the Iliad and the Odyssey， have survived. They are not about events of
Homers own time， but about great men and wars of a remoter age， probably in the period 1200-1100 B.C.
The Iliad deals with the alliance of the states of the southern mainland of Greece， led by Agamemnon in their war against the city of Troy. The heroes are Hector on the Trojan side and Achilles and Odysseus on the Greek. In the final battle， Hector was killed by Achilles and Troy was sacked and burned by the Greeks.

這是一本中國大學英語繫的教科書，為了教學需要而編寫的。
學習英語的中國大學生在閱讀英文書刊和同英語國家人士的交往中，往往感到由於缺乏歐洲文化知識而增加了許多困難。英語中有數不清的典故、名言、成語、人名、地名等等來自古希臘、羅馬的哲學、文學、歷史著作，希伯萊的聖經，文藝復興時期的藝術創作，或者牽涉到各時期思想、科技、政治、社會方面的重要事件和人物。如果對這些所知無多，讀書未必全懂，對談也難順利。而一旦對這些有了較多知識，則不僅了解程，會提高。而且由於通過文化來學習語言，語言也會學得更好。
因此，有些外語院繫不時舉行一些背景報告會，請教師或外國訪客用外語來介紹整個歐洲或其中一國的社會或其他情況，作為語言課的補充。這辦法行之有效，但有缺點，即內容往往不繫統，各講之間不連貫，對學生無要求，他們的收獲也不具體。
於是有的教師覺得：不如干脆開出一門課程，有計劃、有繫統地講授有關歐洲文化的基本知識。
我們幾個編寫此書的人都是北京外國語大學的英語教師，各有本身教學和科研任務，但由於有上述想法，結合起來，經過短期準備，在1980年秋季開始講授這門課程。至今已經講了7輪，教材也由原來極為簡單的若干張提綱演化成現在這本教科書的樣子。