●Contents
1. Stress and Strain 1
1.1 Internal loadings 1
1.2 Average normal stress in an axially loaded bar 3
1.3 Average shear stress in connections 5
1.4 Normal strain and shear strain 9
2. Mechanical Properties of Materials 11
3. Axial Load 15
3.1 Elastic deformation of an axially loaded member 15
3.2 Displacement calculation 16
3.3 Statically indeterminate axially loaded members 21
3.4 Strain energy in an axially loaded member 39
4. Torsion 42
4.1 Torsional stress 42
4.2 Torsional deformation 44
4.3 Statically indeterminate torque-loaded members 45
4.4 Strain energy in a torque-loaded member 48
5. Internal Loadings in Bending 50
5.1 Shear and moment functions 50
5.2 Shear and moment diagrams 53
6. Bending Stresses 62
6.1 Normal stress in bending 62
6.2 Shear stress in bending 66
6.3 Bending strength 76
6.4 Unsymmetric bending 79
6.5 Composite beams 87
6.6 Curved beams 95
6.7 Inelastic deformation and residual stress 99
7. Combined Loadings 109
7.1 Thin-walled vessels 109
7.2 Eccentric tension and compression 110
7.3 State of stress caused by combined loadings 113
8. Stress and Strain Transformation 121
8.1 Plane-stress transformation 121
8.2 Absolute maximum shear stress 129
8.3 Material-property relationships 131
8.4 Theories of failures 144
9. Deflection of Beams 150
9.1 The elastic curve 150
9.2 Slope and displacement by integration 154
9.3 Method of superposition 157
9.4 Statically indeterminate beams 163
9.5 Stain energy of beams 166
10. Buckling of Columns 170
10.1 Critical loads of columns 170
10.2 Buckling of statically indeterminate structures 177
10.3 Design of columns 179
11. Energy Method 186
11.1 Strain energy and work 186
11.2 Displacement calculation by energy method 187
11.3 Energy method applied to statically indeterminate problems 192
11.4 Impact loadings 193
Appendix Geometric Properties of an Area 202
A.1 Centroid of an area 202
A.2 Moment of inertia and product of inertia for an area 203
A.3 Principal moment of inertia 206
