譯者序原書前言
第 1章繫統設計 ······················ 1
1.1介紹···························1
1.2輸入能量 ························2
1.3能量轉換器 ························5
1.4整流器 ··························8
1.5電源 ·······················9
1.6負載設備 ························10
1.6.1連續和間斷負載運行···················11
1.6.2低功耗傳感器 ·····················13
1.6.3低功耗微控制器和收發器·················15
1.7件 ························16
1.8多個輸入能量的組合····················17
1.9能量平衡運行 ·······················17
1.9.1能量平衡運行的一般條件··················20
1.9.2N種功耗模式下的能量平衡運行條件··············22
1.10結論····························23
參考文獻·····························24
第 2章輸入能量 ························ 28
2.1機械能 ···························28
2.1.1特征參數 ·························28
2.1.2測量裝置 ·························32
2.1.3實驗裝置 ·························33
2.2光······························35
2.2.1常用光源的光譜·······················36
2.2.2測量技術 ························37
2.2.3實驗裝置 ·························39
2.3熱能····························41
2.3.1參數表征 ·························41
2.3.2測量設置 ·························42
2.3.3實驗裝置 ·························47
參考文獻·····························48
第 3章壓電式傳感器 ······················· 51
3.1歷史·····························51
3.2材料加工 ··························51
3.2.1物理現像 ·························53
3.2.2機電一體化模型·······················56
3.3功率轉換 ··························59
3.4電網阻抗 ··························62
3.4.1弱耦合 ··························63
3.4.2電阻和功率·······················65
3.5幾種相同傳感器的應用·····················71
3.5.1分析考慮 ·························71
3.5.2兩臺發電機串聯連接·····················72
3.5.3結果討論 ·························73
3.5.4實驗驗證 ··························74
3.6結論·····························74
參考文獻·····························75
第 4章電磁傳感器 ························ 76
第 1部分技術現狀·························76
4.1文獻綜述及電磁振動傳感器的“現狀”···············76
4.2文獻的結論 ··························78
第 2部分分析描述 —諧振式振動傳感器設計的基本工具········79
4.3諧振式振動傳感器························79
4.4機械子繫統 ·························80
4.4.1線性彈簧繫統 ························80
4.4.2非線性彈簧繫統························81
4.5電磁子繫統 ··························83
4.5.1電磁感應基礎 ···················

原書前言
隨著電路和半導體技術的不斷發展，微電子電路和繫統的功耗逐漸降低。另外，通過材料和繫統的改進，太陽能電池、熱電和感應發電機等能量傳感器的效率正在提高。因此，能量傳感器能夠利用周圍的能量為小型電子設備供電，如傳感器、微控制器和無線收發器。這項技術被稱為“能量采集”或“能量收集”，這些電力供應繫統通常被稱為“能源自給自足繫統”或“自供電繫統”。
一方面，能源收集電力供應替代了傳統應用領域的電池，如消費產品、家用電器、測量和監測應用，以及家庭自動化繫統。如果電池不能被完全替代，至少可以延長下一次充電的時間。通過去除電池，可以顯著地減少浪費和電池更換工作。
另一方面，在偏遠或無法進入的地區，無線傳感器等帶有能量收集繫統的新應用也成為可能。例如醫療植入物，機器、發動機或植物或旋轉設備中的集成傳感器。此外，在能源收集的情況下，無限的操作和待機時間是可能的。
無線傳感器網絡的研究和發展與能量收集密切相關。無線傳感器網絡的優點並不能全部通過電源線或電池更換維護來實現。特別是在網狀網絡中節點數量越來越多的情況下，要求電子設備能夠實現自供電。
目前，在這一領域已經有一些專業的應用，主要是在建築和家庭自動化領域、消費產品和狀態監測領域。與此相反，研究和開發項目中提出了一個巨大的能量收集應用領域，特別是在無線傳感器節點上。
德國的應用研究的領先機構Fraunhofer Gesellschaft和Hahn-Schickard-Gesellschaft對本書做出了巨大貢獻，他們都是面向應用研究和開發的提供商。他們從事公共資助項目，也為世界各地的工業公司提供研究和開發服務。
因此，本書論述了能源收集的基礎知識，重點關注應用程序的實現。每一章都介紹了一種能量收集的特殊核心技術，包括不同的傳感器原理和相關材料、電源管理、存儲設備和繫統設計。後一章介紹了能量收集以及相關繫統架構和應用設備的不同應用，並討論了相關的轉換器類型。
編者