了得網工業技術_電力繫統同步相量測量技術及應用

編輯推薦

電力繫統、同步相量測量、廣域測量繫統

內容簡介

近年來，電力繫統廣域測量技術在國內外得到迅速發展，它是電力調度自動化領域繼數據采集和控制繫統與能量管理繫統之後的又一重大技術進展。WAMS技術可以在同一時間參考軸下獲得大量電力繫統實時動態數據，補充原來SCADA或EMS繫統的數據，為電力繫統安全穩定運行和控制提供了一條嶄新的途徑和方法。本書首先介紹了電力繫統PMU及WAMS技術的基礎理論，其次分別介紹了電網模型參數辯識、電網動態監視、電網動態安全評估、繫統在線控制、.PMU及WAMS繫統標準、PMU及WAMS技術在電力繫統的應用。

作者簡介

張道農，華北電力設計院工程有限公司教授級高級工程師。簡介如下：A．1985年至今從事電力繫統（電力繫統一次、繼電保護及安全自動裝置、自動化、通信等）設計工作28年，完成項目工程項目400餘項。如華北--華中聯網工程、東北--華北聯網工程、中蒙直流工程、陽城電廠及陽城電廠送出工程、托克托電廠及陽城電廠送出工程等；其中：主編並主持華北電網“十一五”二次繫統規劃設計，並獲中國設計協會二等獎。B．主編或主持十餘項國家標準、電力行業標準、國家電網公司標準的編寫；C．國家科技部973、863評審專家；中電聯、電機工程學會、國家電網公司、五大發電集團公司指定評審專家。D．發表論文百餘篇，入選並參加2010 CIGRE年國際大電網會議（法國巴黎）。E．電氣專業監理工程師任職資格、注冊電氣工程師任職資格、 IPMP C級證書F．《電力繫統自動化設備》雜志、《電力繫統保護與控制》（原繼電器）雜志、賽爾電力自動化雜志編委。G．多屆華北電力技術院（華北電網有限公司）、華北電力設計院的特級、A級專家。

前言第1 章緒論 ···················································································· 11.1 相量測量技術發展歷程 ··························································· 11.2 國內外相量測量技術應用現狀 ·················································· 41.3 時間同步與授時技術 ······························································ 81.4 本書章節內容安排 ································································· 91.5 小結 ·················································································· 12參考文獻 ··················································································· 12第2 章相量測量技術 ······································································· 142.1 相量概念及表示方法 ····························································· 142.2 相量測量算法 ······································································ 202.3 頻率及頻率變化率算法 ·························································· 232.4 功率算法 ············································································ 242.5 提高相量測量精度的方法 ······················································· 262.6 發電機功角測量 ··································································· 312.7 次同步振蕩成分檢測算法 ······················································· 342.8 小結 ·················································································· 37參考文獻 ··················································································· 38第3 章廣域相量測量繫統子站 ··························································· 413.1 子站結構 ············································································ 413.2 子站設備 ············································································ 423.3 子站功能 ············································································ 483.4 子站工程實施 ······································································ 543.5 子站布點優化配置 ································································ 563.6 小結 ·················································································· 64參考文獻 ·················································································· 65第4 章廣域相量測量繫統主站 ·························································· 674.1 主站繫統架構 ······································································ 674.2 前置通信繫統 ······································································ 724.3 時間序列數據庫 ··································································· 774.4 動態信息交換與一體化應用 ···················································· 834.5 主站應用功能 ······································································ 934.6 小結 ················································································· 100參考文獻 ················································································· 100第5 章廣域相量測量繫統通信協議 ··················································· 1025.1 主子站通信規約 ·································································· 1035.2 與站內監控繫統通信 ···························································· 1115.3 小結 ················································································· 116參考文獻 ················································································· 117第6 章電網模型參數辨識 ······························································· 1186.1 基於WAMS 的電網建模及參數辨識 ········································ 1186.2 輸電線路參數辨識 ······························································· 1206.3 變壓器參數辨識 ·································································· 1266.4 發電機參數辨識 ·································································· 1286.5 負荷參數辨識 ····································································· 1346.6 小結 ················································································· 136參考文獻 ················································································· 137第7 章電網動態安全評估 ······························································· 1397.1 電壓穩定評估 ····································································· 1397.2 電網功角穩定評估 ······························································· 1447.3 電網動態安全綜合評估 ························································· 1627.4 小結 ················································································· 173參考文獻 ················································································· 173第8 章廣域相量測量繫統實時監視與分析 ·········································· 1788.1 低頻振蕩監視 ····································································· 1788.2 在線擾動識別 ···································································· 1888.3 基於PMU 數據的混合狀態估計 ············································· 1928.4 PMU 在風電場監控中的應用 ················································· 1988.5 基於PMU 的配電網故障定位技術 ·········································· 2038.6 小結 ················································································ 214參考文獻 ················································································· 215第9 章廣域後備保護與在線控制 ······················································ 2179.1 廣域後備保護繫統 ······························································ 2179.2 基於廣域電力繫統穩定器（PSS）的阻尼控制 ··························· 2259.3 廣域直流協調阻尼控制繫統 ·················································· 2339.4 暫態穩定預測與控制 ··························································· 2399.5 基於PMU 的風電場功率控制繫統 ·········································· 2449.6 技術展望 ·········································································· 2499.7 小結 ················································································ 250參考文獻 ················································································· 250第10 章一致性測試與驗證 ····························································· 25310.1 主站功能測試 ··································································· 25310.2 子站功能測試 ··································································· 26310.3 通信協議一致性測試 ·························································· 28510.4 PMU 測試儀 ···································································· 29010.5 小結 ··············································································· 294參考文獻 ················································································· 294索引 ····························································································· 295

前言

電力繫統同步相量測量技術，基於同步相量測量裝置（PMU）的數據采集，通過廣域相量測量繫統（WAMS）對電網實施運行監測與控制，補充了電力調度自動化數據采集和控制（SCADA）繫統和能量管理繫統（EMS）應用的數據類型（實時動態數據），實現了對大規模電力繫統的精確控制，提高調度中心監視電網運行的能力，提高了電網的運行可靠性；解決了同步相量測量裝置的研發、生產、規劃布點與優化等技術問題，接入WAMS，使得WAMS對電網實施精確控制成為可能；近年來，在國內外得到迅速的發展，成為大電網運行監視的重要支撐技術。WAMS 繫統由於采用同步相量測量裝置（PMU）的數據，實現了廣域同步、快速采樣的數據更真實地反映了實時運行的電力繫統，為電力繫統安全穩定運行監測和控制提供了新的決策依據，被廣泛應用於解決電網低頻振蕩在線分析、識別振蕩源、識別振蕩助推源等的應用場合，是電力繫統自動化解決電網穩定問題新的前沿技術之一。目前我國電力調度繫統中，省局以上調度中心均建設了WAMS 主站繫統，大部分220kV以上電壓等級的變電站和電廠都安裝了PMU裝置，積累了大量的實踐數據和經驗，WAMS和PMU技術還在不斷的發展中，未來WAMS繫統將與調度主站繫統、故障信息繫統融合，成為全面監視電網運行狀態及數據的工具。《電力繫統同步相量測量技術及應用》繫統地論述了PMU技術、WAMS技術、電網實時監測技術及相關典型的工程應用。第1章緒論，描述了同步相量測量技術發展歷程及現狀，支撐同步相量測量技術的時間同步技術，及全書各章的內容。第2章相量測量技術，論述了相量表示、測量算法及提高測量精度的方法。第3章廣域相量測量繫統子站，論述了子站繫統的結構、設備、功能、布點優化與工程實施。第4章廣域相量測量主站，論述主站繫統的架構、前置通信、時間序列數據庫、及各類應用功能。第5章廣域相量測量繫統通信協議，論述了主站與子站之間、子站與站內監控繫統的通信方式、通信規約。第6章電網模型參數辨識，論述了基於WAMS的電網建模，及輸電線、發電機、變壓器、負荷的參數模型辨識方法。第7章電網動態安全評估，論述了電網電壓穩定、功角穩定、及動態安全綜合評估方法。第8章廣域相量測量繫統實時監測與分析，論述了低頻振蕩監視、在線擾動識別、混合狀態估計等方法，及同步相量測量裝置在風電場監控、配網故障識別中的應用。第9章廣域後備保護與在線控制，論述了基於PMU的廣域後備保護繫統、廣域阻尼控制、直流協調阻尼控制、暫態穩定預測與控制、風電場功率控制、及技術展望。第十章一致性測試與驗證，論述了WAMS主站功能測試、子站功能測試、通信協議一致性測試技術，並介紹了同步相量測量技術專用的PMU測試儀。為方便熱愛同步相量測量技術的人員了解技術的國內外發展現狀，出版社組織編寫和出版該專著，該書編寫人員都是WAMS和PMU技術的國內該領域的專家，有扎實的理論基礎和豐富的實踐經驗，同時也是該技術領域的國家標準和行業標準的主要起草人，與國內外同行保持著廣泛的技術交流與合作。該書內容完整，條理清楚，技術全面；兼具理論參考價值與工程實踐價值，即可作為電力繫統自動化專業高校師生的參考書，也可為電力繫統自動化專業的科研人員、技術管理人員、規劃設計人員、運維人員、檢測人員提供參考。編者對關注本書出版的國網電力科學研究院原副總工程師、全國電力繫統管理及其信息交換標準化技術委員會（SAC/TC 82）原主任委員劉國定先生和中國電力科學研究院廠站自動化及遠動室原主任、SAC/TC82委員、中國電機工程學會電力繫統自動化專業委員會遠動及廠站自動化專業副主任陸天健先生表示感謝！後，歡迎讀者對本書的疏漏之處給予批評指正！編者

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