目  錄

1  緒 
論·································································································· 1

1.1  研究背景························································································· 1

1.2  研究意義························································································· 2

1.3  研究方法························································································· 3

1.4  研究內容及技術路線········································································· 3

1.5  創新點···························································································· 5

2 
國內外相關研究現狀與評述···································································· 6

2.1  港口發展概述··················································································· 6

2.2  供應鏈及供應鏈管理的興起······························································· 8

2.2.1  供應鏈的演進階段········································································ 8

2.2.2  傳統管理與供應鏈管理································································ 12

2.2.3  供應鏈管理的流程······································································ 13

2.3  供應鏈及供應鏈管理理論在港口物流領域應用的研究現狀··················· 15

2.4  港口物流供應鏈功能提升的研究現狀················································ 16

2.5  動力機制理論及其方法論溯源與發展················································ 17

2.5.1  動力機制理論溯源與發展···························································· 17

2.5.2  動力機制研究主要工具：繫統動力學模型的興起···························· 19

3 
北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能運轉狀況評價············································ 22

3.1  港口成本效率評價的基本原理·························································· 22

3.2  港口成本效率評價模型···································································· 23

3.2.1  建立評價指標體繫······································································ 23

3.2.2  基於DEA的港口公司成本效率評價模型建立································· 25

3.3  港口成本效率實證研究···································································· 26

3.3.1  實證數據··················································································· 26

3.3.2  港口上市公司成本效率的評價······················································ 27

4 
北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能提升動力機制框架分析······························· 34

4.1  動力機制的一般框架分析································································· 34

4.1.1  基於內、外源動力機制的分析······················································ 34

4.1.2  基於制度經濟學的動力機制分析··················································· 35

4.1.3  基於“SFP”的動力機制構成分析····················································· 36

4.1.4  化的動力機制分析························································· 36

4.2  北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能提升動力機制構成································ 38

4.2.1  動力因素··················································································· 38

4.2.2  動力結構··················································································· 40

4.2.3  動力功能··················································································· 41

9 
總結與展望······················································································· 114

9.1  總  結·························································································· 114

9.2  研究局限······················································································ 116

9.3  研究展望······················································································ 116

參考文獻······························································································· 118

後  記··································································································· 129

前  言

改革開放以來，廣西北部灣地區因具有中國與東盟結合部的區位優勢而率先對外開放，其區內北部灣港港口物流也得到很大程度的發展，逐步成為中國—東盟自由貿易的樞紐。然而，受各種因素限制，廣西北部灣港對周邊地區經濟的輻射與拉動作用長期沒有得到發揮，在發展過程中仍存在著港口物流供應鏈總體功能不足及運行效率低下的問題，以至於目前廣西環北部灣地區成為中國與東盟經貿合作的一個脆弱地帶。因此，在廣西實施“雙核”驅動戰略、實現“兩個建成”目標、形成“一帶一路”重要樞紐門戶的特殊時期，反思廣西北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能發展遲滯的原因，努力探究提升廣西北部灣港物流供應鏈功能的動力機制，從而帶動相鄰區域乃至整個廣西經濟實現跨越式發展，有重要的現實意義。

近年來，學者對北部灣港開始給予諸多關注，不過僅局限於對其發展歷程回顧、現有水平評價和對未來展望、面臨機遇、存在問題以及戰略選擇等方面的研究，缺少對其港口物流供應鏈功能提升的研究，雖有個別涉及動力因素、依托條件等方面的研究，但沒有對北部灣港的特殊性、動力機制構成及分析、評價等問題進行深入探討。加之，現在對北部灣地區的相關研究的研究方法多偏愛於定性分析，研究成果零散而不繫統，且在很大程度上缺乏可操作性等。鋻於西部大開發、中國—東盟深化合作與“一帶一路”等相繼實施背景下北部灣港的重要性和特殊性，探究其物流供應鏈功能提升的動力機制就顯得迫切而重要。

本書主要分為九個部分：部分界定港口物流供應鏈、港口物流供應鏈功能、動力機制等的內涵，為下文研究奠定理論基礎；第二部分闡釋北部灣港港口物流發展現狀，對北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能運轉狀況進行剖析，查找北部灣港港口物流供應鏈在功能方面存在的不足；第三部分利用DEA模型分析中國17家港口行業上市公司的成本效率，查找北部灣港在成本效率值的大小及在17家公司中的排名情況，進一步從成本效率動力機制方面探討北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能存在的不足；第四部分在對動力機制的一般框架進行理論探討的基礎上，結合北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能運轉狀況，構建北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能提升動力機制；第五部分運用主成分分析方法對北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能提升的動力因子進行定量分析，提出北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能提升的動力因素；第六部分運用繫統論原理和方法，構建了北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能提升的動力繫統框架，對繫統內部各個子繫統進行深入分析，具體闡述北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能提升整個動力繫統的運行，明確北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能提升動力結構；第七部分在對北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能提升動力結構進行分析的基礎上，對北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能提升動力功能輸出即動力模式進行研究，提出現行動力繫統運行方式下，可能促進北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能提升的具體動力模式，並終提出有效發揮北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能的具體動力模式；第八部分在以上分析的基礎上提出北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能提升動力機制的完善措施；第九部分對論文從成本效率動力機制、功能提升動力因素、供應鏈功能現實適應性、功能提升動力繫統結構復雜性、功能提升動力繫統運行方式等方面進行了總結，並指出北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能提升動力機制作為今後北部灣經濟區問題研究的重要課題，需要緊密結合實踐，進一步強化實證研究，做好跟蹤。

本書通過綜合評價模型中主成分與綜合主成分的權重來評價各動力因素的相對重要程度發現，腹地鐵路營業裡程、腹地公路裡程、腹地內河航道裡程、腹地高速等級公路裡程等腹地集疏運水平指標，以及腹地出口、腹地同東盟國家（地區）進出口商品總值、北部灣港所在城市出口等腹地的進出口數量指標成為北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能提升的關鍵，而北部灣港所在城市第二產業的發展、腹地全社會固定資產投資不斷增加也在很大程度上提升北部灣港港口物流供應鏈的功能。另外，我們還發現，港口城市交通運輸行業從業人員平均工資也是北部灣港港口物流供應鏈提升的重要動力因素。究其原因可能是隨著港口物流供應鏈技術的日新月異，創新發展擺在了突出的位置，需要吸引更多的高水平人纔投入其中，而優秀人纔需要支付較高的薪酬。鋻於此，本書從促進防城港港產聯動、推進欽州大欖坪區港聯動、帶動北海鐵山東岸港產城一體化發展、打造1 000萬標準箱及5億噸大港、建設高效通達的集疏運體繫、建立統一的港口資源開發管理體制和積極推進與東盟國家（地區）的互聯互通等方面，提出提升北部灣港港口物流供應鏈功能的策略。

本書由欽州學院高級別項目培育團隊合著，成員有朱芳陽、賈清顯、黃偉新、劉少坤、劉新文、王景敏、施梅超和王小琴等。

著 者